128 
quantity of sweet oil; the pericarp contains 32 per cent. 0 
vesicating oil of specific gravity 0°991, easily soluble in ether, and 
blackening on exposure to the air. 
Hydnocarpus venenata [Bizxineae]. A large tree found by the 
banks of rivers in Ceylon up to 2000 feet. The seeds are rough, 
with grooved ridges, and yield an oil of the consistency of ordinary 
hard salt butter, which is known in Kanara as “ Thortay ” oil, used 
in the treatment of skin ie oe. leprosy, &c. If eaten, these ‘seeds 
produce giddiness, and are employed by the natives as a fish poison. 
Their poisonous properties, however, are so strong that fish, thus 
killed, are unfit for . The fruits are also used as a fish er 
esua ferrea [ Giuttiforae], Ironwood or Nagkesur of Assa 
described as a beautiful tree bearing large Cistus-like white aes, 
called in Sanskrit “ Kanjalkama” and “ Nagkesara,” and a favourite 
of the Indian poets. The seeds are of a dark brown colour with a 
smooth testa, in form and colour resembling chestnuts. The kernels 
yield 729 per cent. of a deep brown or yellow oil, very bitter, 
which deposits white crystalline fats at ordinary temperatures. 
In India the oil is employed for burning in lamps, as a healing 
application to sores, and as an embrocation in the treatment of 
rheumatism. = ‘Ceylon, where the tree is known as “ Na,” the oil 
is used for various diseases in cattle and “iP against rheumatism. 
The oil-cake ‘iit 24°16 per cent, of prote 
J. M. H. 
Bamboos for Paper-making.*—The four species of Bamboos 
examined with regard to their suitability for paper-making were 
Bambusa arundinacea, Bambusa polymorpha, Cephalostachyum per- 
gracile and Melocanna bambusoides. The area over which the 
examination took place was restricted to Lower Burma and 
geugiepmethy well suited for import and export purposes oad 
tain vast areas covered with bamboos. Five areas in Burma 
aa six on the West Coast of India were examined and figures as 
to yield, ete., were very carefully collected. In order to obtain 
practical proof of the quality and cost of preparing pulp from 
bamboos about 80 tons of raw material of the four different species 
were converted into pulp and eventually into paper at the Tita Shur 
aper Mills, Calcutta 
It should be I that the Report is printed on paper made 
from Bambusa Pobymotphe and that both nodes and internodes were 
The Report is divided into six parts 
In Part I an interesting historical account of eine enquiries as 
to the value of bamboos for paper-making is given and the general 
peters te Serer for the successful establishment of a paper-pulp 
t 
Part II deals with the mode of growth seit possible out-turn of 
bamboos. The most useful species appears to be B, polymorpha. 
oll a ce. on t the utilization of Bamboo fo the Manufacture of Paper-pulp,” 
n, I.F.S. The Indian Fores does vol. iv, part v. January, 
113, 09 pp. op wie appaitiee maps and a photographs. 
