148 
known of all the allied species was the Balsam Apple for which 
Torrey and Gray founded the genus Echinocystis (1840). This is 
not the oldest name but the Vienna Congress of botanists directed 
that it should be retained. The older name of Rafinesque was 
considered obsolete from long disuse. Marah was recognised as 
distinct by Kellogg in 1855 as above described. This and 
Echinopepon were treated as sections of the first by Cogniaux in 
his monograph, .the latter being distinguished by its normal 
(epigeous) germination, its small compressed corrugated seeds, 4-6 
together in cells which open regularly by pores or by an operculum 
at the top. It was not until later that he admitted this group e 
generic rank. In 1890 (Proc. Calif. Acad. ser. 2, ini, 58) 
described a reduced type with a one-celled ovary, and in the 
following year another with a two-celled ovary a ren and 
Vaseyanthus) both having indehiscent fruits. 
The distribution of these genera as far as is known at present is 
as follows :—Echinopepon is chiefly tropical but rare as far as 
the southern border of the United States in New Mex From a 
short distance north of this area Marah inhabits the SOniAES drain- 
ing into the Pacific* as far as British Columbia. Between the two 
and overlapping both regions is Brandegea and, further south, 
Vaseyanthus. Echinocystis is a plant of the Eastern and Central 
tates. 
With the exception of the latter these genera are new to or at 
least not upheld in Bentham and Hooker’s Genera wie ot 
They might perhaps be interpolated in Herbaria, in which t 
sequence of that work is adopted, as follows, with the ceebels 
indicate d. 
fe TO GENERA ALLIED TO Ecutnocysrtis. 
Fruit dehiscent. 
ehiscence of fruit irregular, 
Germination — ; seeds com- 
ressed 51. Echinocystis. 
Germination _hypogeous 5 ; seeds 
urgid 51-1. Marah. 
hae of fruit Tegular ee .» 51-2. Echinopepon. 
Fruit small, indehi 
Ovary Nowa: sei os -» ' « 651-3, Brandegea. 
Ovary 2-locular ... $a és .» 51-4, Vaseyanthus. 
MaARAd, 
Marah, Kellogg in Proc. Calif. Acad., i. (1855), 38. Flores 
monoici. Masculi racemosi vel paniulati Calycis tubus cam- 
sblongia vel MA weg: Stamina 3, mentis in columnam 
connatis ; antherae connatae, loculis flexuosia, Foeminei solitarii 
vel in eadem axilla cum masculis enati. Calyx et corolla maris. 
Staminodia nulla vel 3, libera vel stylo adnata. Ovarium ovoideum, 
rostratum, saepissime 'setiferum, 2-4-loculare ; stylus brevis, stig- 
mate hemisphaerico 2-5-lobato; ovula in loculis 1-8, erecta, 
* M. oregonus extends into the Atlantic catchment area, 
