221 
given. <A native of Texas and Mexico, it forms forests and 
dense brakes in the limestone hills ; its maximum height being 90 to 
95 feet and its trunk diameter 9 to 18 inches. oO 
described as hard, weak, close-grained and brown. It is used tee 
general, construction, fencing, sills, telegraph poles, railroad ties 
and 
Juniperus pechyphlsea, Torr.—Oak-barked Cedar, Thick-Barked 
Cedar, Mountain Cedar 
The above cia common names in addition to various others 
such as thick-barked juniper, alligator juniper and checkered-barked 
jai, are applied to this tree by Britton in “ North American 
Trees,” p. 113. It grows in the dry parts of Texas, New Mexico, 
and fC where at its best it attains a height of about 50 feet. 
The wood is reported as weak, soft and brittle, light red, and 
close-grained. 
Juniperus californica, Carr.—White Cedar, Sweet-berried Cedar, 
Californian Juniper. 
This is a small tree or large bush native of California, Arizona, 
&c. At its best it approaches 40 feet in height with a trunk up to 
12 inches or so in diameter. The wood is sae as soft, close- 
grained and light reddish-brown. It is durable and used for fence 
posts in its native peat The common names quoted above are 
used by Britton, l.c. p. 109. 
eae barbadensis, .—Barbados Cedar, Southern Red 
Cedar, Red Cedar 
Se ca of the wood of this tree in Museum No. III, at 
Kew, bear a close resemblance to the wood of J. virginiana, and it 
appears to be used with that wood by pencil makers. It is found 
in the Southern United States and the West Indies, where it attains 
a height of about 30 feet. Britton, Le. p. 119, describes the wood as 
soft, weak, close-grained, red, fragrant and at one time used largely 
by pencil makers but now becoming uncommon. 
Juniperus bermudiana, 1.— Bermuda Cedar, Bermuda Red Cedar. 
This is a moderate-sized tree native of Bermuda. According to 
“Garden and Forest,” iv, pp. 289-290 it is the most important 
tree in the island and dominstes the other arborescent vegetation. 
to 4 feet. The wood is used for shit building and the best marked 
Saapla he furniture. Cedar chests and cabinets made from the 
wood are said to be highly prized in Bermuda and to be handed 
down as heirlooms from generation to generation. 
Juniperus virginiana, L.—Cedar, Pencil Cedar, Red Cedar, 
Virginian Cedar. 
It would be difficult to overestimate the importance of this tree 
for no other wood has yet been found to equal it for the manufacture 
of casings for lead pencils. The species has a wat wide distribution 
orth America, and according to , “Elements of 
tr: p. 308, “it extends from about latitude 45° in Can 
