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Under the old system of management it is said that the net 
return per annum worked out at 71 francs per hectare per annum. 
This was raised in the early years of the group system to 121 francs 
per hectare per annum and the last three years has shown a return 
of 150 francs per hectare perannum. At the same time the standing 
timber is considerably heavier than ever before. The whole average 
return from the forest, including branches, thinnings and final 
laced at 8,700 cubic metres per annum. In this forest 
it is canibie to dispose of the branches of trees at a profit. They 
trees grow to a considerable height, 120 to 140 feet being about the 
normal when fully grown, although some are said to attain a height 
of 150 feet. They are peculiar by reason of their great length of 
clear trunk and small taper. A silver fir log lying on the ground 
was measured. e base was 2 feet 6 inches in diameter and the 
11? inches in diameter. At the point of the forest where the 
heaviest. stand of timber cccurs it is said to total 14,000 cubic feet 
to the acre. 
n some parts patches of heavy land occur; on these alders 
are planted as a preparatory crop for silver fir which succeeds 
better than spruce in such positions. The boundaries of the forest 
are not stationary for new areas are constantly being added and it 
is estimated that at least 2000 acres have been used for agricultural 
purposes at one time or another. 
The timber is not manufactured by the forest authorities but is 
drawn to the forest roads and sold by public auction. 
It will thus be seen that in two forest areas so close together 
as those belonging to the towns of Zurich and Winterthur a 
considerable difference of management occurs, yet both are 
returning a good annual income. 
Chur.—The town or communal forests of Chur were visited on 
July 21st, These cover an area of 5000 acres of steep mountain 
sides varying in elevation from 2000 to 6000 feet. The principal 
trees are spruce and silver fir, with a fair percentage of beech below 
4,000 feet, and here and there Scots pine and larch. Beech is 
encouraged on account of the fertilising properties of its leaves, 
and is almost a pure crop in dark valleys. Larch is also encouraged 
as the wood is more valuable than that of any other conifer. 
width and the trees are removed by selection of single trees or by 
group felling. As far as possible natural regeneration is encouraged ; 
} and larch are, however, artificially introduced. Much of the 
timber grows to a considerable height and silver firs lying on the 
ground were found to be 130 feet in length. 
Formerly the timber was brought down from the higher parts by 
slides ip natural depressions in the ground but the system injured 
