BULLAZA. 293 
the same locality, from the trawlers, of far greater size than 
the Scotch specimens, but not alive or with the animal ; 
and if any account of it has been published, we have not 
seen it. 
Many years ago we had a jar of the B. akera sent from 
Ireland with the animal, which unfortunately was not exa- 
mined. Miiller—and M. Loven follows him—has constituted 
for this species a separate genus, “ Akera,”’ with the specific 
appellation of “ dullata,’ but the only account given of the 
animal is, that a connate mantle, emitting a long filamentous 
cirrhus, fills the canaliculated groove of the suture. We 
apprehend this is a mere specific expansion, and if there are 
no anatomical characters different from those of the type, this 
genus may be considered superfluous; but as the animal is 
obtainable, we may hope that an account of it will be forth- 
coming: the Irish examples are far superior in size to the 
shells of English localities. 
The B. mammillata is assuredly the young of B. cylin- 
dracea. B. umbilicata and B. obtusa, though common, have 
not been seen alive by us. Some naturalists have extracted 
from the former a variety which they call the B. truncatula, but 
we are confident that the B. wmbilicata and its scion are the 
“truncatula” of Philippi; therefore Montagu’s prior appella- 
tion of “umbilicata” must be adopted. The shells sent us as the 
B. acuminata of Philippi are, if not the young of Ovula patula, 
closely allied to it ; but as they do not agree precisely with his 
figure, the species may be a distinct Ovula. We have sufli- 
ciently noticed the B. pruinosa, “ catena,”’ and “ punctata,”’ 
which are very elegant and distinct species. Is Mr. Alder’s 
B. quadrata a subglobose variety of the “catena”? The 
gizzard of Bullea scabra beg quite similar to that organ in 
the B. catena, combined with the characteristic chainwork of 
both, would lead us to suppose that the shell is as much con- 
cealed as in B, catena, and that it is of the Bullea aperta type, 
and not of the Bulla lignaria, 
As for the Bulla hyalina, called by some Amphisphyra, we 
shall not be surprised if it turns out that the division of the 
head-disk from the body has been overlooked; that the scis- 
