418 _ PYRAMIDELLID A. 
Having examined some of these so-called species, | am 
bound to add them to the synonymy of Chemnitzia pallida ; 
one of the most variable species as regards the shell; but the 
animals of all these spurious articles have the unvarying distin- 
guishing character of C. pallida, which is absent from all the 
other Chemnitzie that can in any way be confounded with this 
group,—I mean the liberal, though irregular aspersion of 
many of their organs with minute sulphur-yellow or gold- 
coloured spots and points; and above all, the organs of their 
animals are similar. This species is an inhabitant of all the 
zones, and receives that impress as to form and size which 
results from the incidents of the respective localities; these 
causes have doubtless led to the formation of the pseudo- 
species, which I think only in some cases can claim even the 
distinction of varieties. 
We add a few remarks on the variety of the pallida termed 
by some authors rissoides, and considered by them a distinct 
species. We do not concur in that opinion, as it has all the 
characteristics of the “pallida.” This variety, like the type, 
varies greatly in size and contour; scarcely two specimens 
will be found congruous; every 100 yards of coast appears 
to possess its variety. It is a most ubiquitous animal, being 
taken in every kind of sea-bottom, mud, sand, shelly debris, 
and Nullipores; the products of the littoral grounds are 
usually of minor bulk, those of the muddy districts the 
largest. 
Cu. piicata, Mont. 
Turbo et Odostomia plicata, auctorum, et Brit. Moll. ii. p. 271, 
pl. 98. £.1, 2. 
The animal throughout is pale frosted-yellow, inhabiting a 
spiral shell of six or seven slightly raised volutions. Mantle 
simple. Rostrum short, flat, entire, slightly bevelled or pared 
off at some points of the superficies, gradually dilating to the 
terminus, which sometimes appears truncate, but often assumes 
the figure of a shallow, hollowed-out, subcireular disk. The 
tentacula are triangular, bevelled, broad, flat, rather longer 
than in its congeners of the same size, and terminate in 
