254 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 
5. India ciliaris (Philippi), Gray. 
Asterias rubens, Johnston, 1836, Loudon’s Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. ix. p. 144, fig. 20 (non Linné). 
Asterias ciliaris, Philippi, 1837, Archiv f. Naturgesch., Jahrg. iii., Bd. i. p. 193. 
Luidia fragilissima (pars), Forbes, 1839, Mem. Wern. Soc. Edin., vol. viii. p. 123, tab. 3, fig. 8. 
Asterias pectinata, Couch, 1840, Charlesworth’s Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. iv. ns. p. 34. 
Luidia ciliaris, Gray, 1840, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. vi. p. 183. 
Asterias imperati, Della Chiaje, 1841, Descr. e Not. degli anim. invert. della Sicilia citeriore, vol. iv. 
p. 57; vol. v. p. 123, tav. 135, figs. 1, 3, 4; tav. 171, fig. 25; tav. 172, fig. 8. 
Luidia Savignyi (pars), Miiller and Troschel, 1842, System der Asteriden, p. 77 (non Audouin). 
Locality.—‘“ Triton” Expedition : 
Station 3. Inthe Faerée Channel. August 8, 1882. Lat. 60° 39’ 30” N., long. 9° 6’ 
0” W. Depth 87 fathoms. Bottom temperature 49°°5 Fahr. 
Other Localities.—British Islands, East Atlantic as far north as the Cattegat, coast of 
France, Mediterranean. 
6. Luidia longispina, n. sp. (Pl. XLIIL figs. 3 and 4; Pl. XLV. figs. 3 and 4). 
Rays five. R=56mm.; r=8mm. R=7,r. Breadth of a ray at the third infero- 
marginal plate, 9 mm. 
Rays elongate, depressed, slightly convex abactinally; slightly constricted at their 
junction with the disk, then faintly inflated, and afterwards tapering gradually up to the 
extremity. Lateral margin more or less angular. Actinal surface slightly convex. 
The paxille of the abactinal area are delicate, distinct, and widely spaced ; rather 
smaller and more crowded along the median radial line. Three or four regular longi- 
tudinal series at the sides of the ray. The larger paxille are composed of a marginal 
series of about a dozen very delicate spinelets, shorter than the diameter of the tabulum, 
from the edge of which they radiate horizontally ; and three to five small spinelets on the 
centre of the tabulum, usually shorter and more robust than the marginal series. Occasional 
paxille, here and there, bear a single two-valved, fully developed pedicellaria usually 
placed at the margin of the tabulum. The pedicellaria is often of greater length than the 
spines there, and has quite a massive appearance in comparison with their delicacy. 
The infero-marginal plates have a narrow and very prominent median keel, and the 
intervening fasciolar furrow between neighbouring keels is wide and well furnished with 
delicate cilia-like spinelets. On the ridge are borne three spinelets, at least on the inner 
half of the ray, subequally spaced, and placed one behind the other, forming a transverse 
lineal series in relation to the axis of the ray. The outermost spine, which stands at the 
margin of the ray, is long, delicate, cylindrical, tapering and sharply pointed, and with a 
very slight geniculation near the base. These spinelets are directed horizontally and at a 
slight angle outward, and form a very conspicuous fringe along the margin of the ray. 
The longest spines are about 5 mm., and are the ninth or tenth from the base, the spines 
