REPORT ON THE ASTEROIDEA. 287 
8. Bathymetrical range: 5 to 150 fathoms. 
Gnathaster meridionalis ranges from 5 to 150 fathoms, and Gnathaster 
elongatus from 50 to 150 fathoms. G@nathaster pilulatus is found in 55 
fathoms. Gnathaster singularis is recorded from shallow water to 30 fathoms, 
Gnathaster paxillosus and Gnathaster grayi from 9 to 10 fathoms. 
Greatest range of one species: G'nathaster meridionalis, 5 to 150 fathoms. 
y. Nature of the Sea-bottom: The character of the ground is only recorded in the 
case of the species above mentioned. Gnathaster meridionalis and Gnath- 
aster elongatus are found on volcanic mud and coarse gravel (the latter in 150 
fathoms). Gnathaster pilulatus inhabits a sandy bottom. Gnathaster singu- 
laris occurs on rock, kelp, and mud. Gnathaster pawillosus and Gnathaster 
gray? on sand. 
Chorological Synopsis of the Species herein mentioned. 
Ocean. Range in Fathoms. Nature of the Sea-bottom. 
Gnathaster elongatus . : : Southern. 50 to 150 Volcanic mud ; coarse gravel. 
Gnathaster meridionalis 5 Southern. 5 to 150 Volcanic mud ; coarse gravel. 
Gnathaster pilulatus . ; : Atlantic. 55 Sand. 
1. Gnathaster meridionalis, Smith, sp. (Pl. XLVII. figs. 1 and 2; Pl. XLIX. figs. 11 
and 12). 
Astrogonium meridionale, Smith, 1876, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. xvii. pelOo: 
Pentagonaster meridionalis, Smith, 1879, Phil. Trans., Zool. Kerguelen Island, vol. clxviii. p. 276, 
pl. xvi. figs. 6, 6a. 
Localites.—Station 145. Off Marion Island. December 26, 1873. Depth 50 fathoms. 
Station 149p. Royal Sound, Kerguelen Island. January 20, 1874. Depth 28 
fathoms. 
Station 1494. Off Cumberland Bay, Kerguelen Island. January 29, 1874. Depth 
127 fathoms. The bottom deposit at all Stations in the neighbourhood of Kerguelen is 
a greenish voleanic mud. 
Station 150. Between Kerguelen Island and Heard Island. February 2, 1874. Lat. 
52° 4’ 0"S., long. 71° 220” E. Depth 150 fathoms. Coarse gravel. Bottom tempera- 
ture 35°°2 Fahr. ; surface temperature 37°°5 Fahr. 
Station 151. Off Heard Island. February 7, 1874. Lat. 52° 59’ 30” S., long. 73° 
33’ 30” E. Depth 75 fathoms. Volcanic mud. Surface temperature 36°-2 Fahr. 
Remarks.—A fine series of this species was obtained off Kerguelen, Marion, and Heard 
