342 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 
Asterias Johnstoni, Gray, in Johnston, 1836, Loudon’s Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. ix. p. 146, fig, 21. 
Hippasteria plana, Gray, 1840, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. vi. p. 279; Synop. Spec. Starf. Brit. 
Mus., 1866, p. 9. 
Hippasteria Europea, Gray, ibid. 
Hippasteria Johnstoni, Gray, ibid. 
Hippasteria cornuta, Gray, ibid. 
Goniaster equestris, Forbes, 1841, Hist. Brit. Starf., p. 125. 
Astrogonium phrygianum, Miller and Troschel, 1842, System der Asteriden, p. 52. 
Goniaster abbensis, Forbes, 1843, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. xi. p. 280, pl. vii. 
Astrogonium aculeatum, Barrett, 1857, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 2, vol. xx. p. 47, pl. iv. figs. 
4a, b. 
Goniaster phrygianus, Norman, 1865, Ann, and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 3, vol. xv. p. 123. 
Hippasteria phrygiana, Verrill, 1885, Rep. Comiss. Fish and Fisheries for 1883, p. 542, pl. xvil. 
fig. 47, 
Localities. —Challenger Expedition : 
Station 49. Off the coast of the United States, south of Halifax, Nova Scotia. May 
20, 1873. Lat. 43° 3’ 0” N., long. 63° 39’ 0” W. Depth 85 fathoms. Gravel, stones. 
Bottom temperature 35°:0 Fahr. ; surface temperature 40°°5 Fahr. 
“ Porcupine” Expedition : 
Localities not recorded. Stated to be not found below the 100 fathom line.’ 
“Triton ” Expedition : 
Station 3. In the Faerde Channel. August 8, 1882. Lat. 60° 39’ 30” N., long. 9° 
6’ 0” W. Depth 87 fathoms. Bottom temperature 49°°5 Fahr. 
Remarks.—The specimens from Station 49, of which there are a large number, 
appear to have the ray rather longer and narrower than in the examples from the 
eastern side of the Atlantic; and all of them are of comparatively small size. 
Family Pentacrerotip& (Gray), Perrier, emend. 1884. 
The family Pentacerotide, established by Gray in 1840, included thirty-two of the 
forty-four genera of Asteroidea recognised by him. It embraced, in addition to the forms 
mentioned below, representatives of the families Pentagonasteride, Antheneide, Gym- 
nasterlide, Echinasteridee, Linckiidze, Asterinide, and Asteriide. 
In M. Perrier’s classification of 1876, this unwieldy and unnatural group was split 
up and the name Pentacerotidzee was dropped. In the new classification proposed by 
Perrier in 1884 the name was revived for a small section, the recognition of which as a 
family appears to me to be perfectly valid and natural. 
The genera now included in the family Pentacerotids are enumerated in the follow- 
ing table :-— 
1 Depths of the Sea, p. 119. 
4 
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