452 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 
Chorological Synopsis of the Species. 
| Ocean. Range in Fathoms. Nature of the Sea-bottom, 
| Solaster abyssicola . : : d Atlantic. | 843 to 1537 
| Solaster earllit 9 . : c Atlantic. oe Sos 
Solaster endeca 3 ‘ : : Atlantic. | Shallow water to 150 Clay, Stones, and Sand. 
| Solaster endeca, var. decemradiata . Pacific. ae te 
Solaster glacialis . : ‘ : Atlantic. 191 Sandy clay. 
Solaster paxillatus . 5 : : Pacific. 345 Green mud. 
Solaster regularis . : : F Pacific. 175 Blue mud. 
Solaster subarcuatus : : : Southern. 150 Coarse gravel. 
Solaster torulatus . : ; : Pacific. 520 Volcanic mud, 
1. Solaster endeca (Retzius), Forbes. 
Asterias aspera, O. F. Miiller, 1776, Zool. Dan. Prodr., p. 234, No. 2833. 
Asterias endeca, Retzius, 1783, K. Svensk. Vet.-Akad. Handl. Bd. iv. 237. 
Asterias (Solasterias) endeca, Blainville, 1834, Manuel d’Actinologie, p. 241. 
Stellonia endeca, Agassiz, 1835, Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Neuchatel, t. i. p. 192. 
Solaster endeca, Forbes, 1839, Mem. Wern. Soc. vol. viii. p. 121. 
Solaster (Endeca) endeca, Gray, 1840, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. vi. p. 183. 
Locality.—Station 48. South-west of Halifax, Nova Scotia. May 8, 1873. Lat. 
43° 4" 0” N., long. 64° 5’ 0” W. Depth 51 fathoms. Rock. Surface temperature 
38°°0 Fahr. 
2. Solaster paxillatus, n. sp. (Pl. LX XI. figs. 1-3; Pl. LXXII. figs. 1 and 2). 
tays nine R=155 mm.; r=50 mm. R>3 7. Breadth of a ray at the base 
about 28 mm. 
The rays are elongate, attenuate, and tapering, having a more or less subcylindrical 
appearance, the tumidity of the sides hiding the infero-marginal paxille altogether when 
the starfish is viewed from above. The disk is large, and its abactinal surface is capable 
of a considerable amount of inflation, as is also the basal portion of the rays. The actinal 
surface of the disk is convex and prominent round the mouth, that of the rays is plane. 
The interbrachial ares are acute, but were probably slightly rounded when the abactinal 
area was inflated during life. 
The abactinal surface is beset with small, low, uniform, paxilliform groups of spinelets, 
which consist of ten to twelve short equal spinelets, standing almost erect, compressed 
together and imbedded in a membranous mass, the tips of all the spinelets being level. 
The paxille, which are exceedingly numerous, are closely placed, and the general appear- 
ance of the abactinal surface to the naked eye at a short distance thereby produced is 
that of a coarsely granular surface. Large single papulee occur in the interspaces. No 
definite order of arrangement is distinguishable in the paxille, except at the sides of the 
