REPORT ON THE ASTEROIDEA. 457 
The ambulacral furrows are contracted; and the tube-feet, which have a crowded 
appearance, have a well-developed fleshy terminal disk. 
Colour in alcohol, a bleached greyish white. 
Locality.—Station 150. Between Kerguelen Island and Heard Island. February 
2,1874. Lat. 52° 4’ 0” S., long. 71° 22’ 0” E. Depth 150 fathoms. Coarse gravel, 
Bottom temperature 35°°2 Fahr. ; surface temperature 37°°5 Fahr. 
Remarks.—This species is nearly allied to Solaster endeca, of which it is perhaps the 
southern representative. Solaster subarcuatus is readily distinguished from the North 
Atlantic species by the form of the rays, by the larger and more widely spaced paxille, 
which are also more regularly arranged, and by the armature of the adambulacral plates. 
5. Solaster torulatus, n. sp. (Pl. LXX. figs. 3 and 4; Pl. LXXII. figs. 3 and 4). 
Rays eight. R=48mm.; r=17mm. R<3,r. Breadth of a ray at the base, 12 mm. 
The rays are moderately elongate, broad at the base, slightly tumid on the inner half 
and then rapidly tapering to the extremity, the outer part being narrow and eylindrical. 
At the base of the rays on the disk there is a sharply defined sloping ravine or sulcus, 
continued from the summit of the interbrachial arc for a considerable distance on the 
disk, causing the disk to appear at first sight much smaller than it really is, and the rays 
to be crowded and pressed together at their bases. The abactinal surface of the disk is 
slightly convex. The actinal surface is plane. The interbrachial ares are acute. 
The abactinal surface is beset with very short, small, paxilliform groups of spinelets. 
The spinelets, of which there are eight to ten in each crown, are so small and compactly 
crowded that they are only distinguishable with a magnifying-glass; the groups or 
paxille appearing to the naked eye only like small, regular, uniform, semiglobular tubercles. 
These are well spaced apart and the interspace is occupied by a single papula. The 
paxillz are arranged with great regularity, which may be resolved on careful examination 
into longitudinal and obliquely transverse lines. 
The marginal plates (the representatives of the infero-marginal series) are quite on 
the actinal surface, to which they form the border, and are invisible when the starfish is 
viewed from above. They resemble large compressed paxillze, the pedicle being large and 
massive, with the major axis at right angles to the median line of the ray, and surmounted 
by a crown of fifteen to twenty short compactly grouped spinelets. There are about 
thirty-five or thirty-six between the median interradial line and the extremity, those on 
the inner half of the ray being large and widely spaced, but they diminish in size as they 
proceed outward and become almost microscopic towards the extremity. 
The paxillee which represent the supero-marginal plates are small in comparison with 
the infero-marginal plates, and very little larger than the neighbouring paxille of the 
abactinal area. They alternate with the infero-marginal plates and consequently stand 
opposite the interspace between each of the large marginal paxillee, 
(ZOOL. CHALL. EXP.—PART LI.—1888.) 58 
