556 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 
Verrill). Heliaster microbrachia, from California and Mexico, and 
extending to Panama and the Pearl Islands. Heliaster multiradiata, 
from California, Mexico, the Galapagos Islands, and Sandwich Islands. 
* Heliaster helianthus, off the coasts of Ecuador, Peru, and Chili. 
Heliaster canopus, from the Island of Juan Fernandez. 
8. Bathymetrical range: Shallow water. 
y. Nature of the Sea-bottom: Most of the species have been collected on rocks at 
low water. 
The species collected by the Challenger is indicated in the above list by an asterisk. 
Chorological Synopsis of the Species herein mentioned. 
Ocean, Range in Fathoms. | Nature of the Sea-bottom. 
Heliaster helianthus . . Pacific. | Shallow water. Rocks. 
1. Heliaster helianthus (Lamarck), Dujardin and Hupé. 
Asterias helianthus, Lamarck, 1816, Hist. nat. anim. s, vert., t. ii. p. 558. 
Stellonia helianthus, Agassiz, 1835, Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Neuchatel, t. i. p. 192. 
Asterias (Heliaster) helianthus, Gray, 1840, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. vi. p. 179. 
Asteracanthion helianthus, Miiller and Troschel, 1842, System der Asteriden, p. 18. 
Heliaster helianthus, Dujardin and Hupé, 1862, Hist. Nat. Zooph. Echin. (Suites 4 Buffon), p. 344. 
Locality.—Valparaiso. Shallow water. 
Remarks.—The examples collected at this locality show a great variation in the 
number and length of the rays, and in the character of the abactinal spinulation. I see 
no reason, however, for considering that they belong to more than the one species; but 
the circumstance brings into prominence the question of the validity of the characters by 
which the species in this genus have been mainly distinguished. 
Family PepicELLASTERIDA, Perrier, 1884. 
The family Pedicellasteridee was established by Perrier’ in 1884 for the reception of 
the genera Pedicellaster and Zoroaster. In the following year (1885), however, Zoroaster 
was removed by Perrier* into the family Stichasteride, and Pedicellaster was ranked in 
the family Brisingide. The family Pedicellasteride was thus by act dispersed, although 
no mention of the circumstance is made or explanation given. I am unable to agree 
1 Nouv. Archives Mus. Hist. Nat., 2e Série, 1884, t. vi., pp. 154, 167, 194. 
* Ann. Sci. Nat, (Zool.), 1885, t. xix., Art. No. 8, p. 15. 
