626 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER, 
borne upon it, usually in the region of the swelling, or extending towards the base, the 
distal extremity being left free. A robust-looking secondary spine, 4 mm. in length, is 
placed well back on the surface of each plate. These spines stand perpendicularly, and are 
encased in a membranous sheath with crowded pedicellarize, precisely similar to the large 
perpendicular spine in the adambulacral armature throughout the ray. 
The ambulacral tube-feet are short and stout, tapering a little towards the distal 
extremity, which terminates with a well-defined and centrally deeply invaginated terminal 
disk. 
The madreporiform body, though small, is remarkably conspicuous on account of being 
prominent and almost semiglobular. Its outline is circular, 2°5 mm. in diameter, and it is 
situated at about the same distance from the margin of the disk. There are only about half- 
a-dozen deep, widely spaced striations upon its surface; some, which are simply wavy, 
traverse the area, whilst others are convolute, their disposition being altogether irregular 
and without any approach to centrifugal radiation. 
Colour in alcohol, a bleached yellowish white, the disk with a slightly brown shade. 
Localities.—Station 205. West of the Island of Luzon, Philippine group. November 
13, 1874. Lat. 16° 42’ 0” N., long. 119° 22’ 0” E. Depth 1050 fathoms. Blue mud. 
Bottom temperature 37°°0 Fahr. ; surface temperature 82°:0 Fahr. 
Station 216. Midway between the Pelew Islands and New Guinea. Feburary 16, 
1875. Lat. 2° 46’ 0” N., long. 133° 58’ 0” E. Depth 1675 fathoms. Globigerina ooze. 
Bottom temperature 35°'4 Fahr. ; surface temperature 82°°8 Fahr. 
Station 198. In the Celebes Sea, between Celebes and Mindanao. October 20, 1874. 
Lat. 2° 55’ 0” N., long. 124° 53’ 0” E. Depth 2150 fathoms. Blue mud. Bottom 
temperature 38°°9 Fahr.; surface temperature 85°°0 Fahr. 
Remarks.—Freyella echinata is readily distinguished from Freyella pennata by the 
small papillate spinulation of the disk, and the spinelets sheathed with membrane crowded 
with pedicellarize on the ovarial region. In Freyella echinata the rays are somewhat 
shorter in relation to the disk, but still more delicate, and have a different character, the 
lateral spinelets being longer and finer. In the armature of the adambulacral plates the 
inner or furrow spine is always solitary, and the armature of the mouth-plates is in like 
manner simpler. The madreporiform body is large and conspicuous, whereas in Freyella 
pennata it is hidden. The pedicellariz are of larger size. 
4. Freyella fragilissima, nu. sp. (Pl. CXIIL figs. 1-4). 
Rays eleven. R=265mm.; r=10 mm. R>26,7r. Breadth of a ray at the base, 
5 mm. ; the greatest breadth of a normal ovarial inflation, 8-5 mm. (which is situated at 
about 10 mm. from the disk); and the greatest breadth of the largest inflation, 16°5 mm. 
At 40 mm. beyond the disk the width of the ray is 4°25 mm. 
