INTRODUCTION 



15 



fused into one, and are then called the keel 

 (fig. 85, a, b, c). 



In the Labiates there are five petals fused to- 

 gether into an upper and lower lip, the upper lip 

 being bifid and formed of two petals, and the lower 



Simple flowers may be either (a) terminal, when 

 they rise at the end of a stalk (as in the Snowdrop) ; 

 or (b) lateral, when they are placed in the axil of 

 a leaf. 



Compound flowers have received various names 



trifid, formed of three. In the Snap-dragon, the according to the manner in which they are arranged. 



tube of the corolla is closed by a curve of the 

 lower lip. 



At the base of many flowers we find a gland 

 secreting honey, and called the nectary. 



Arrangement of Flowers 



Flowers are called simple or compound according 

 to whether one or more rise from a common stalk. 



Among the more important of these are the spike, 

 the raceme, the panicle, the umbel, the cyme, and 

 the head. 



A Spike has a long axis, and sessile or very 

 shortly stalked flowers (fig. 86). A spike of corn 

 is called an ear. 



A Cob (of Maize) is a spike with a thickened 

 axis ; a catkin is a spike with unisexual flowers (as 



