CRUCIFER^£ 



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formed in a long double pod. They grow well 

 in Britain, and if not interfered with, they scatter 

 their seeds so abundantly as to overrun a garden 

 like weeds. 



Order V. Fumariacea (2 genera) 

 A small Order, including plants bearing flowers 

 with 2 small sepals (or none) and 4 petals, forming 

 2 lips, the upper ones spurred. There are 6 

 stamens, and 1 ovary. The fruit is either a nut 

 with a single seed, or a pod containing several 

 seeds. By some authors this Order is included 

 in the Papaveracece. 



Fumitory — Fumaria officinalis 

 (Plate IX) 

 This is an annual plant, with a slender, fibrous 

 root, and a branching, ridged stem, covered, like the 

 whole plant, with a glaucous bloom. The leaves 

 are bipinnate, with deeply cleft leaflets, and clusters 

 of red or white flowers. The sepals are small, 

 white, and soon shed. Our figures represent the 



large and small varieties of the plant. It is a 

 common plant in Britain, chiefly in fields, but has 

 perhaps been introduced with cultivation. 



Order VI. Cruciferce (3 1 genera) 



This is an extensive Order, including a large 

 number of useful plants, such as Mustard, Cress, 

 Cabbage, Radish, etc., besides other plants grown 

 for the sake of their flowers, such as Wallflower, 

 Rocket, and Candytuft. 



The Crucifem have 4 petals (rarely absent) 

 arranged in a cross (whence their name), and 6 

 stamens. The calyx has also 4 sepals, but is soon 

 shed. The flowers are generally small, and form 

 clusters at the ends of the branches, and develop 

 successively, so that the lower part has often 

 ripened its seeds while the upper part is still 

 flowering. Many are provided with nectaries to 

 attract insects, but others are self-fertilised. The 

 fruit is a pod (siliqua), long and broad, or short 

 and broad, or constricted, as in the Radish. It is 

 divided by a sepiment into two compartments, 



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