ROSACEA 



^ 



segmented, or compound ; rarely simple. One of 

 the most typical species is the Blackberry (Rubus 

 fruticosus), but there are a large number of closely 

 allied species or varieties, respecting which the best 

 botanists hold very various views as to which of 

 them should be regarded as truly distinct. The 

 blossoms are sometimes white, and sometimes pink. 

 In some the carpels are very numerous and crowded 

 together ; in others they are larger, less numerous, 

 and less crowded. The unripe fruit is first green 

 and afterwards red, becoming black as it ripens. 

 Some forms are perfectly black, but others, like the 

 Dewberry (Rubus ccesius), bear fruit covered with 

 a glaucous bloom. There are, however, some 

 native species of Rubies which are perfectly distinct 

 from the Blackberry and its numerous allied 

 forms. One of these is the Raspberry {Rubus 

 Idceus), well known as a garden plant, but also 

 common in many places at wood-sides, in thickets, 

 or on heaths. The wild plant is, however, not so 

 large as the garden Raspberry. 



The most interesting insect which feeds on 

 Raspberry, Blackberry, etc., is the green, slug- 



shaped caterpillar of the Green Hairstreak Butterfly 

 (Callophrys rubi). The butterfly, which measures 

 an inch across the wings, is brown above and green 

 beneath, and flies about brambles and. other 

 bushes in spring. 



Cloudberry — Rubus ChamcEViorus 



(Plate XXXII) 



One of the most distinct species of Rubies is 

 the Cloudberry, which we have figured as a repre- 

 sentative of the genus. It is a low-growing plant, 

 found on moors in mountainous districts, chiefly in 

 the north of the British Islands. It bears a white 

 flower, which is succeeded by a large berry, red at 

 first, but turning more orange as it ripens. 



Dos-rose — Rosa canina 



(Plate XXXIII) 



The Wild Roses much resemble the Brambles 

 in habit, being either low-growing plants or climbing 

 shrubs ; and in either case woody and prickly. 



