LIFE HISTORY AND HABITS: THE LARVA. 65 
ticularly ants, and numerous larve perish from their attack. Many 
larvee have been timed by the watch, and the interval occupied until 
out of sight below the soil has varied from about one-half to 50 minutes, 
Table XXIV includes observations made inGeorgia and in Washing- 
ton, D. C., both in the orchard and in small jars in the laboratory. It 
will be noted that more time is usually spent in searching for a suitable 
place to enter than in actually working below the surface. The 
average time on the ground and until beneath the soil, in the data 
given, is about 12 minutes. A larger series of observations would 
probably change these figures somewhat. 
Taste XXITV.—Time oceupied by larve of the plum curculio in entering soil. 
es -_, | Began| Be- Time 
Localities. ran : pe toen- | neath | occu- | Kind of soil. 
N08 Sat Peter: soil. | pied. | 
Myrtle, Ga.: ‘itivitetess| 
Hhuaboratory=.:.-.<--- 1} 10.00 | 10.06 | 10.113 11} | Fresh sandy loam soi! in glass jar, 
| gently packed. 
P| PRU 2.15 2. 21 14 Do. 
3 | 10.21 | 10.21% | 10.22 1 Do. 
4 9. 13 9.14 9.15 2 Do. 
5 | 4.08 | 4104 | 4.12 4 Do. 
6} 9.59 | 10.00 | 10.03 4 Do. 
7 | 9:43 9. 44 9. 49 6 Do. 
8 | 10.22 10. 28 10. 24 2 Do. 
9 | 10. 22 10. 25 10. 30 8 Do. 
10 4.16 4.18 4. 26 10 Do. 
imierchardss-- 5<-- =. UN gag De | eee 5. 23 1 | Dry sandy soil under peach tree. 
12 15 ya | 5. 26 4 | Do. 
1Dis|e Oneen Ebest, §.27 5 Do. 
TAS O22 BY j= 5.31 9 Do. 
Laue al aacete ee 5.34 12 Do. 
UG lero 22 eee a 5. 39 17 Do 
Ly (lk S77? ek ae 4. 49 i al Do 
Washington, D. C.: : 
inseetaryss:-.-:-2--: 18 | 1.263 1.29 1.41 144 | Sandy garden soil in box, moder- 
ately compacted. 
19 1.30 1. 59 2.19 49 Do. 
20 1.48 2. 40 3, 23 35 Do. 
21 2. 23 2.36 2. 40 17 Do. 
22) 2.10 2. 37 2. 42 32 Do 
23 | 2.44 2. 46 2. 47 3 Do 
24} 2.23 2. 41 2. 44 21 Do. 
(inorehard..-.... 2-5-5 D5 W255 250 By all 16 | Clay loam, well cultivated. Larvee 
placed under plum tree. 
26] 2.55 2. 56 3.00 5 Do. 
27 | 3.33 3n34 | 3236 3 Do. 
28 | 3.03 3. 15 3.18 15 Do. 
29 | 3.20 3. 22 3. 25 5 Do. 
30 | 3.144 | 3.154 | 3.164 2 Do. 
TIME SPENT IN THE FRUIT (EGG AND LARVAL STAGES COMBINED). 
In 1904 Prof. Crandall determined, for Illinois, the time spent in 
apples (combined egg and larval stages) for 1,238 individuals. A few 
larvee left the fruit within 12 and 13 days from deposition of egg, and 
some spent an unusually long time in the fruit. The great majority, 
however, developed and left the fruit in about the average time. 
Table XXV gives his emergence records by months, and also the 
average period per individual within fruit for that month, 
17262°—Bull. 103—12 5 
