tia iii 
LIFE HISTORY AND HABITS: THE PUPA. 89 
In Table XLV are shown results from three root cages. In the 
first the soil was kept normally moist; the second one was moist at 
the beginning of the experiment but was allowed to dry out; in the 
third cage the soil was dry at the start. June 4, 20 larve were added 
to cage I, 20 to cage II, and 12 to cage III. 
Taste XLV.—Lfect of moisture on transformations of the plum curculio in the ground, 
Barnesville, Ga., 1910. 
Date z - 
ec ae Life of | Date of Life as| Total 
peor Treatment. es a ae larve | transfor- oe ot adult | life in 
: il BOE *| in soil.) mation. BS. * | in soil. | soil. 
Days Days. Days. | Days 
June 4 10 | June 23 9| July 3 10 2 
SAGE [555 10 | June 22 8 do... 11 29 
..do. 10 | June 23 Gi See We. eae Ie wees 
--do. 10)|-e2do:==— 9\July 3 10 29 
‘ Stokoe Deedes ae 8 | June 30 7 26 
“17, ..do. 11 | June 22 (0 See serc en peared aetmerce 
eon ecpinormally oe tel lone 11! June 23 8 | June 29 6 25 
mie dose 12 | June 24 8| July 1 7 27 
Addl iiine ss 14 | June 26 8 domes 5 27 
dote=se=2 Gore. 14 dO:s..6 8| July 4 8 30 
-do. June 19 15 | June 27 Ba Sak oer Sees cent neene 
do....| June 20 16 | June 28 8 | July 7 9 33 
-do July 3 29 | July 11 Bil bepe ee Se I ee hese Ee 
ipa ate Moy #2 (eee ale ea ha (ee lfc eee eae = LOGE |S ape sete 73 255 
ACV ETA EC Seca noo ene e|s oe ine IE S10" Memesemsae Selah aie oseee ok 8.11 28. 33 
la as June 4] June 13 9 | June 22 On ae oe oe trainee Imes 
Dae do esdOuae—* 9 Goer Qi | aie ew eee See ee lee eee 
Siacee ee do ~adOso cee 9b S22 doss-- 9| July . 4 12 30 
Bers ioe At start soil nor- ||...do....| June 14 10 | June 23 CO [vee 2 ea eral eer rel ere nee 
Wee oraicns mally moist but |j...do....]...do..... 10 | June 22 All oan, Se oe Se ol eee nce Se aS ee 
Geese. |{) allowed! ‘to dry: |)\....do..-.|_-.do..... 10 | June 23 Oy AS ae tee odlloceeeeoal eae aan 
Mista aaieiele out. eden n= sOOre-. = OES COL =. OS | eee Ree lee Sees 
Soares do June 15 11 doze 8 leccesscacdlobesccadisnecdone 
Le do EGO=s ene 11 |} June 24 Dy per aera. Poe ere Ne 
itd) eas oS do June 16 12 | June 27 LIAR | Reet oe Cee | AW ee eee | ee a 
Daye PROTA cee |S cee cert sactonaveee AKG See eee OOM co eee 1 30 
PAY CVS E ea ese cece mcysew ae elc LOW eles ONO} ars soto 12 30 
ee aera - - , |fJune 4] June 14 10 | June 23 OU Eee. ee leas eee Recs 
Ts ey nail \soil entirely dry... { do doe. 10 adores P| en IG Sy =| cg 
Dee scone ROA se eee ee SS DOV Eee a ae 1h Seeoe ceed aaa aa (eee oe 
IAW EEARO sey oo | See oe cise le lect LOG Bese es O lste sees Is cece ae 
As will be seen, 13 larve in cage I entered the soil and reached the 
pupal stage; only 9 adults, however, emerged. In cage II, 10 larvee 
passed the pupal stage, but only one adult succeeded in emerging. 
In the third cage most of the larvee were unable to work themselves 
below the soil to any extent on account of dryness of earth, and by 
June 13 several were found dead, evidently drying up. Only two 
individuals reached the pupal stage, and no adults emerged. 
A series of observations was started on larvee placed in‘soil in jelly 
glasses, as detailed in Table XLVI. 
