SPRAYING FOR CURCULIO ON APPLE. 193 
to increase the yield of the orchard about one-half, to increase the average size of the 
fruit about one-fifth, and so to improve the quality of the apples that they should be 
worth from 24 to 3 times as much as if the orchard had not been sprayed. 
These experiments were also reported in a paper before the Ameri- 
can Association of Economic Entomologists, December, 1904, and in 
Bulletin 108 of the Illinois Agricultural Experiment Station, in 
which latter publication data are given showing the considerable 
movement of the beetles from the check to adjacent sprayed plats, a 
factor in results which has not heretofore been given sufficient con- 
sideration. 
EXPERIMENTS BY THE BUREAU OF ENTOMOLOGY. 
During the past few years the Bureau of Entomology has carried 
out spraying experiments against the curculio in different parts of 
the country and under varying orchard conditions. The importance 
of the subject warrants the presentation of results in some detail. 
EXPERIMENTS AT ANDERSON, MO. 
The work at Anderson, Mo., was under the immediate direction of 
Mr. F. W. Faurot and was accomplished in cooperation with the 
Missouri State Fruit Experiment Station. The orchard consisted of 
a fair selection of varieties of 11-year-old trees in good condition. In 
addition to the purely demonstration spraying for insects and dis- 
eases, a test of dusting against spraying was planned on the Lan- 
singburg variety of apple. The block of Lansingburgs consisted of 
6 rows across one end of an 80-acre orchard and was divided into 6 
plats, including the check. In Table XCV Plat IT is omitted, as it 
duplicates Plat III, except that a less number of treatments was 
given, namely 9. This variety bore a good one-fourth crop. The 
dust was applied with a power duster driven by a gasoline engine. 
The liquid spray was also applied with a gasoline-power outfit except 
for the application immediately following the falling of the petals. 
The soft condition of the ground at this time from rains necessitated 
the use of a barrel outfit, though the pressure as shown by the gauge 
was maintained at 125 pounds. The plats contained trees as follows: 
L, 32; II, 35; IV, 70; V, 67; VI, 12. The check trees were in two 
rows across the center of the block. The number of trees from 
which all fruit was gathered and counted throughout the season for 
each plat is shown in the table. At the time of the first application, 
March 21 to 24, cluster buds were open; and at the time of the second 
application, April 14 to 16, the petals had been down for 4 or 5 days. 
17262°—Bull. 103—12——13 
