METHODS OF DESTROYING TICKS. 41 
few minutes to allow, if necessary, for the alternate dipping of 
cattle and sheep. 
In selecting a site for the construction of the vat the desirability 
of having the ground slope away from it on one side should be kept 
in mind. This allows for the draining of the vat through a pipe 
inserted at its bottom. This drain should lead to a basin, prefer- 
ably on waste land. Care should be exercised to prevent animals 
from drinking from the pool into which the old dip is drained and 
ulso to prevent the dip from being washed into streams used for 
domestic purposes. 
In order to prevent the dip from becoming diluted by rains and 
to check evaporation, a roof of boards or canvas over the vat is 
desirable. 
HANDWORK* IN THE DESTRUCTION OF THE SPOTTED-FEVER TICK. 
For the most part the use of dipping vats will furnish all facili- 
ties necessary for the eradication of the ticks. However, in certain 
cases, as, for instance, in the narrow valleys running some distance 
into the mountains, the expense of constructing dipping vats for the 
small number of cattle present would be prohibitive. Instead of 
driving these cattle considerable distances to dipping vats, it will be 
found sufficient to treat them thoroughly by hand methods. The 
procedure is simply to apply the arsenical dipping mixture liberally 
by means of rags, mops, or brushes, or by means of spray pumps. 
It may be found advisable in some cases to use oil instead of the 
dip, although the main reliance should be placed upon the use of 
the dip. Oil from Wyoming, which will be found perfectly adapted 
to this use, can be obtained in the Bitter Root Valley, when pur- 
chased in large quantities, at a cost of about $1.25 per barrel. 
DEFINITE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CONTROL OR ERADICATION OF THE 
SPOTTED-FEVER TICK IN THE BITTER ROOT VALLEY. 
The following are the steps that should be followed for the control 
or eradication of the spotted-fever tick in the Bitter Root Valley: 
(1) A campaign of education whereby all the residents of the 
valley will be made thoroughly familiar with the feasibility of the 
plan of eradication and with what it will mean in the development 
of the valley. 
(2) The obtaining of legislation to make it possible to dip or oil 
all live stock in the Bitter Root Valley. In general, public opinion 
would be sufficient to bring about the treatment of a large majority 
of the animals. In a few cases objections would undoubtedly be 
raised by farmers. Without the treatment of all live stock, the plan 
would necessarily fail. For this reason it is absolutely essential to 
