r. S. D. A., B. E. Bill. r,4. Part X. Issued November 12, 1910. 



SOME MISCELLANEOUS RESULTS OF THE )\ORK 

 OF THE BUREAU OF ENTOMOLOGY-IX. 



THE PECAN CIGAR CASE-BEARER. 



{Colcopliora caryxfoliella Clem, i 



By H. M. Russell, 

 Agent and Expert. 



INTRODUCTION. 



Among the insects of minor importance that affect the pecan, the 

 pecan cigar case-bearer {Coleophora carysefoliella Clem.) is probably 

 met with in groves more than any other species. At times the insect 

 occurs in such numbers as to defoliate entire trees, checking their 

 growth and considerably reducing the crop of nuts. In the future 

 this insect is likely to cause increasing damage as the acreage in 

 pecans increases, and it may become as great a pest to the pecan as 

 Coleophora Jletclierella Fernald is to the apple. The occurrence of tliis 

 insect in large numbers at Orlando, Fla., during the spring of 1909 

 presented the opportunity of studying it, and the results are given 

 in this article. The dates for appearance of the different stages are 

 for that locality. These dates will undoubtedly vary as we go north- 

 ward. 



EARLY HISTORY. 



Clemens*" first described this species in 1861, as Coleophora can/sefo- 

 liella, from larvce found feeding in their cases on leaves of hickory 

 during the fall. lie gave a short description of the larva and case, 

 but did not succeed in rearing the adult. 



In 1872 Clemens's original description- was republished in his 

 "Tineina of North America," edited by II. T. Stainton. 



Chambers,'' in 1874, described the achdt under tlie name Coleophora 

 rufoluteella, from specimens ca|)tured in Kentucky in June. 



Writing again in 1878, Chambers^ places his rufoluteella as a 

 synonym under ear)/ ^efoliella . lie wrote at tliat time: "C. rufoluteella 

 Cham, is known only from captured specimens. I am, however, 

 utterly unable to distinguish it from specimens bred by me in the 

 latter part of June from larval cases found feeding on hickory leaves 



"The nuinhors in superior type refer to corre-^poiuiing numbers in the appended 

 bibliography, p. SG. 



79 



