MOLLISC \. 



[Trachelipoda 



ing volutions ; with about sixteen longitudinal sharp, somewhat oblique, elevated 

 ribs, covering the whole shell; aperture oblong, terminating in a rather lengthened, 

 slightly twisted, canal; outer lip white, a little re6ected, entire, and continuous ; 

 inner lip white, broadly reflected on the columella ; colour cream white, yellowish, or 



flesh-colour ; the inside in some specimens of a beautiful rosy hue; length five-eighths 

 of an inch. Found at IJanff, and is not uncommon in the Frith of Forth, adhering 

 to Fuci. 



Young shells are covered with a fine yellowish brown epidermis. 



28. K asperrimus, pi. VI, f. 2.— First Ed., pi. 47, f. 2 ; Leach's MS. 



Shell turreted; spire with seven abruptly tapering volutions, deeply divided by 

 the suture ; apex acute ; with thirteen strong longitudinal ribs, crossed by shorn, 

 elevated, wide-set, transverse stria?, giving the shell a cancellated appearance, and 

 where the striae cross the ribs, they produce sharp protruding knobs ; aperture ob- 

 long-ovate, ending in a long slightly twisted, nearly closed, canal; outer lip sharp at 

 the edge, but thickened behind, by a tuberculate rib ; columella smooth and oblique- 

 ly striate ; colour yellowish- white ; length half an inch, breadth not quite a quarter. 

 Found on the Dorsetshire coast, by Mr Prideaux, and in the Cabinet of Dr Leach, 

 British Museum. 



29. F. elegant, pi. VI, f. 3— First Ed., pi. 47, f. 3; Leach's MS. 



Shell strong, fusiform ; spire with eight volutions, divided by a narrow, elevated 

 belt, tapering to an acute point, and nearly equal in length to the body ; with twelve 

 broad, depressed, longitudinal, somewhat oblique ribs ; crossed by fine, thick-set, 

 brown lines, giving it the appearance of being striated; body abruptly acuminate; 

 aperture oblong-ovate, terminating in a wide, spreading, straight canal of medium 

 Length ; outer lip strong, slightly reflected, and rising somewhat abruptly from the 

 body above ; inner lip white, narrow, and transversely lineated below ; colour pale 

 fawn, with a transverse burnt sienna-coloured band, on the body, parallel with the 

 upper margin of the aperture. Length half an inch ; breadth not a quarter. Found 

 on the Devonshire coast, and in the Cabinet of Dr Leach, British Museum. 



30. F. antiquum, pi. VI, f. 8.— First Ed., pi. 47, f. 8; Lamarck. VII, p. 125, 

 No. 1 1 ; Murex antiquus ; Brown in Ency. Brit. VI, p. 488 ; Murex despectus ; 

 Montagu, p. 256; Donovan, IV, pi. Ill); Pennant, IV, Mo. 78. 



Shell strong ; spire short, consisting of seven or eight ventricose, well defined 

 volutions, abruptly tapering to a sharp apex ; body large, acuminate beneath ; the 

 whole shell with numerous somewhat undulating spiral stria?, crossed by faint, nearly 

 obsulete, longitudinal stria?, or lines of growth; beak with strong pleats behind; 

 aperture sub-oval, ending in a canal of medium length; outer lip plain, entire, 

 smooth, and slightly reflected in perfect specimens; pillar lip broadly reflected on 

 the columella; colour yellowish-white, pale fawn, ferruginous, or grayish-brown; 

 inside white in some specimens, and yellow-orange in others. Length varying from 

 four to five inches. 



The magnificent specimen from which we drew our figure was taken, in deep 

 water, in the British Channel, off Liverpool, by William Nicol, Esq. Edinburgh, and 

 is in his Cabinet; it measures six inches and three-eighths in length. 



This shell is found on most of the British coasts, in deep water. It is also abun- 

 dant in the sea around Ireland. 



This species varies much in its proportions in different localities. Those of the 

 in-rman Ocean, and whole eastern line of the British coasts, are longer and nar- 

 rower than those of the Irish Channel, and western coasts of Scotland, the body of 

 the latter being larger in proportion to the length of the spire, and also much 

 broader. We give the following measurements, which will be found to represent 

 their prevailing proportional dimensions. The specimen from which we figured our 

 illustration, from the Irish Channel, was in length 6$ inches; breadth 3£ ; length of 

 aperture from the base of the canal 4h ; width from the pillar lip to the outer lip 

 !■§ ; length of lower volution of spire from the top of the apertuie ] jj ; of the re- 

 maning volutions 1 ; ; ; breadth ..t" the body 3 inches. A specimen from I! i 

 county of Durham, length 6£ inches; breadth 3 £; length of aperture 3jj ; breadth 

 of do. I J ; length of lower volution of the spire ? ; from lower volution to the top 

 of spire 2 \ in< h s. 



31. F. Turtoni, pi. VII, f. 1 ; Bean in Loudon's Journal, VII, p. 493, f. 61. 

 Shell fusiform ; spire consisting of eight well defined, acuminate, abruptly tapering 



volutions; covered with slightly elevated spiral lines, broader than the intervening 

 spaces, and crossed by numerous longitudinal lines of growth; the volutions are a 

 little tumid in the middle, from which they gradually slope to the suture; aperture 

 ovate, nearly the same length a* the spire, terminating in a very short and wide 

 canal ; outer lip a little dilated, and very thick ; inner lip smooth, g'ossy, and broad- 

 ly reflected on the columella ; colour white, covered with a brown' epidermis ; inside 

 pale violet. Length four inches and a half; breadth about two inches. Found 

 among the rejectamenta of a fishing -boat at. Sarborough, by William Bean, Esq. 

 and in bis Cabinet. A represents the operculum. 



This shell has much the aspect of F. antiquus, and is probably only an elongated 

 lusua of that species. 



32. F. corinatus, pi. VI, f. 10 and 13— First Ed., pi. 47, f. 10 and 13; La- 

 marck, VII, p. 126, No. 13; Murex carinatus ; Pennant, IV, pi. 77, f. 96; Do- 

 novan, IV, pi. l(i'); Murex antiquus ; Montagu, p. 559. 



Shell strong; ?pire turreted, consisting of seven volutions, the centre of each 

 rising into a strong, undulated, cariuated ridge, and all deeply divided by the 

 suture; body and spire with wide, undulating, depressed, longitudinal ribs, crossed 



by waved, spiral striae ; aperture oval, terminating in a long canal ; out'-r lip even 

 except v. here the ridges terminate; inner lip smooth; inside livid white; external 

 colour pale brown. Length three inches and a half. 



Figs. 3!, 32, and 33, are supposed by Captain Laslcey to be the young of this 

 shell. He says he found it on the coast near Dunbar. We do not think that it agrees 

 with the F. carinatus. 



Said to be found in Scotland, but we consider this very doubtful as a British 

 species. 



33. F. corneus, pi. VI, f. 7 and 9.— First Ed., pi. 47, f. 7 and 9 ; Mi 

 neus; Montagu, p. 2;iS; Donovm, II, pi. 38; Pennant, IV, pi. 7G, f. 99. 



Shell strong, fusiform ; spire consisting of seven tapering, well defined volutions ; 

 with distant spiral stria 1 , and slightly wrinkled longitudinally ; aperture oblong-oval, 

 terminating in a long somewhat oblique canal ; with a few transverse wrinkles at the 

 point of the beak behind ; outer lip smooth ; inner lip broadly reflected on the colu- 

 mella ; live shells are usually covered with a brown epidermis, beneath which they 

 are white. Length three inches ; breadth one inch and a quarter. 



Figs. 11 and 12 represent a variety, with the spire, body, and canal shorter ; the 

 whole shell of greater proportional breadth than usual, and with the stria? much 

 closer and more regular ; measuring two inches and an eighth in length, and an inch 

 in breadth. It was found at Seaton, Northumberland, by Walter C. Trevelvan, 

 Esq. and is in the Cabinet of Sir John Trevelyan, Bart, at Wallington. 



The F. corneus is plentiful on the Northumberland and Yorkshire coasts, Essex, 

 the Irish sea, and Frith of Forth. 



34. F.yyrinns, pi. V, f. 12-13— First Ed., pi. 48, f. 12-13; Montagu, Sup. 

 p. 170; Martini, IV, pi. 128, f. 1231-1232. 



Shell strong, short, conic, considerably tumid; spire consisting of three volutions, 

 ear-h covered with three rows of tubercles ; on the body there are eight rows of tu- 

 bercles; colour dark chestnut brown. Length scarcely a quarter of an inch ; breadth 

 one-eighth. Found at Nun's Island by Captain Laskey. 



35. F. minutus, pi. V, f. 18 and 24.— First Ed., pi. 48, f. 18 and 24. 



Shell sub-fusiform ; spire short, consisting of five short, rounded, and deeply di- 

 vided volutions, terminating in an obtuse apex ; body nearly four times the length ot 

 the spire in front, obliquely depressed above, from whence it tapers to its base ; the 

 body and two lower volutions of the spire provided with fourteen longitudinal, strong 

 ribs, which suddenly decline towards the suture ; those of the body are thickest at 

 top, and gradually become thinner as they descend to the base behind, but only reach 

 the venter or middle of the aperture in front ; the whole shell covered with verV 

 fine spiral stria?; aperture oblong, ending in a short wide canal; outer lip thin, 

 smooth, continuous, abruptly rising from the body above ; inner lip slighii* I 

 on the columella ; colour pale chestnut, with a broad, reddish brown, transverse 

 band on the centre of the body, the depression on the upper part of the body, and the 

 top and bottom of each volution with a fillet of the same colour. We discovered this 

 species in Lough Stiangford, Ireland. — It is in Lady Jardine's Cabinet. 



Genus 13. — Pleurotoma. — Lamarck. 



Shell turreted or fusiform, terminated below by a straight canal, 

 more or less long; aperture with a fissure or notch at the upper 

 part. 



1. P. sinitcsa, pi. V, f. 40. — First Ed., pi. 48, f. 40 ; Murex tinuosus ; p. 264, 

 pi. 9, f. 8 ; Matou and Racket, in Linn. Trans., VIII, p. 143. 



Shell strong, thick, white; six longitudinal, !i In!, raised volutions, tapering to 

 a fine point; with seven strong, elevated, arcuated ribs, which do not quite extend 

 to the upper part of the volutions, in each, separated only by a fine thread-like Line ; 

 the whole shell finely and regularly spirally striated, less conspicuous on the ribs, but 

 well defined in the interstices between them ; aperture oblong-oval, narrow : c ins] 

 short, greatly contracted ; outer lip smooth, slightly thickened by a rib, and with a 

 deep Minis at its upper angle; pillar lip replicated on the columella. Length throe 

 quarters of an inch ; breadth a quarter. Found at Weymouth. Very rare. 



2. F. reticulata, pi V, f. 29-30.— First Ed., pi. 48, f. 29-30. 



Shell sub-fusiform; spire turreted, consisting of four deeply defined volutions, 

 abruptly tapering to a sharp apex; with from fourteen to eighteen longitudinal, 

 i ibs, extending from the apex to the venter in front, but to nearly the base 

 in rear; whole shell crossed by strong spiral stria?, giving it a reticulated appear- 

 ance; aperture oblbng, narrowed at each extremity, and ending in a very short canal ; 

 outer lip sharp at the margin, slightly inflected, and with a sinus at il 

 pillar lip smooth; inner lip rather broadly reflected on the columella; colour pa'o 

 brown. Length a quarter of an inch ; breadth an eighth. Found at Greenoi l . b) 

 Stewart Ker, Esq. 



Genus 14 — Cerithium Bruguicre. 



Shell turreted; aperture oblong, oblique, terminated at the base 

 by a short, truncated, recurved canal, without a notch; the outer 

 lip with a groove at its upper extremity; aperture provided with a 

 horny operculum. 



