MOLLUSCA. 



[T 



r.ACHELIPODA. 



Ition I. 

 ' Having a permanent varix on the outer lip, and varices on the spire. 



Genus 11 Mukex. — Linnaeus. 



Shell ovate or oblong, with a canaliculated base ; furnished with 

 rough, spinous, or tubereulated varices, in each volution of the 

 spire, the lower ones uniting with those above, forming continuous 

 rows ; aperture with a corneous operculum. 



1. M. ermacau, pi. VI, f. 5-€.— First Ed., pi. 47, f. 5-G ; Montagu, p. 259; 

 Lamarck, VII, p. 172. No. 48; Donovan, I, pi. 3. r >. 



Shell strong, rough, angulated, whitish or brown ; spire considerably produced, 

 and terminating in a tine point ; with seven or eight rugose volutions, each provided with 

 six or seven rugged, prominent, longitudinal ribs, crossed by strong, spiral, elevated 

 stria? ; the whole shell covered with small, concave, imbricated, arcu"ted scales, very 

 c inspicuous on the body; aperture oval; canal tubular, nearly closed in front; outer 

 lip thickened by a rib ; inner margin dentated ; pillar lip smooth, glossy ; white. 

 Length an inch and three quarters ; width nearly an ineh. 



In young specimens the canal is open in front, and the entire shell beset with elevated 

 points, which, when worn, produce a cancellated appearance, in which condition it 

 is frequently mistaken for a distinct species. This state is represented pi. 5, f. 60. 



This species inhabits deep water, but is found on many of our shores, as in Devon- 

 shire, Dorsetshire, checoasts of Wales, and Frith of Forth. Common at Portmar- 

 nock, Ireland, and sparingly in Dublin Eay. 



2. M. muricatus, pi. V, f. 28 First Ed., pi. 48, f. 28; Montagu, p. 262, pi. 



9, f. 2; Maton and Racket, Linn. Trans., VIII, p. 149. 



Shell strong, rough, with six or seven ventricose, deeply divided, tubereulated 

 volutions; spire tapering to a fine smooth point ; tuberculcs formed by interrupted, 

 longitudinal ribs, which are crossed by strong, elevated stria-; some parts exhibiting 

 a pointed or angulated appearance ; aperture oval, terminating in a long, straight, 

 slender canal ; outer lip sharp, and dentated at the edge ; margin crenulated within ; 

 pillar lip smooth ; covered by an orange-red epidermis, beneath which it is white, 

 tinged with flesh-colour. Length half an inch ; breadth a quarter Obtained by 

 dredging in Salcomb Bay. 



Genus 12. — Fusus. — Lamarck. 

 Shell fusiform or sub-fusiform, with a canal at the base ; middle 

 or lower part ventricose, without varices ; spire produced ; margin 

 of the outer lip without a notch ; columella smooth ; aperture pro- 

 duced, with a horny operculum. 



1. /•'. tinea* us, pi. V, f. 1-2. — First Ed., pi. 48, f. 1-2; Murex lineatus ; 

 Leach's MS. 



Shell acute ; volutions six, turreted, terminating in a rather obtuse apex, with 

 about thirteen longitudinal, glossy ribs ; aperture ovate, somewhat compressed, and 

 ; base of pillar lip spirally striated ; outer lip rather 

 vith a rib near its margin behind ; colour of a deep 

 waved, equidistant lines, of dark reddish brown. 

 breadth a sixteenth. Found on the coast of 

 Ireland by Dr Drummond of Belfast, and in Dr Leach's collection, British Museum. 



2. F. f<,s,„s, pi. V, f. 3-4 First Ed., pi. 48, f. 3-4. 



Shell acute ; six well -defined volutions, turreted, with about thirteen or fourteen 

 longitudinal ribs, extending from the base to the fourtli volution, the fifth and sixth 

 being destitute of ribs ; the interstices between the ribs transversely striated ; spire 

 not so long as the body ovate, pointed at each end ; outer lip rather thin, 



with a rib behind ; base of the columella sub-umbilicated ; the whole shell of a fuscous 

 brown, and glossy. We found this species at Killiuchy, Lough Strangford, county 

 of Down, Ireland. 



3. F. Cranchii, pi. V, f. 5 First Ed., pi. 48, f. 5 ; Murcx Cranchii ; Leach's 



MS. 



Shell dull brownish purple, with about eleven somewhat oblique elevated ribs ; 

 striated transversely, slightly striate longitudinally ; aperture oblong ; outer lip thick- 

 ened ; inner lip slightly reflected on the columella ; lower part of body and outer lip 

 ferruginous; inside deep purple, as well as the columella. Length three 

 of an inch. Found on the Devonshire coast by Mr Craneh. It is in the British 

 Museum. 



4. F. diseors, pi. V, f. 6-7. — First Ed., pi. 48, f. 6-7. 



Shed neule, r-iriMst i.i- of six volutions, the spire somewhat more than a third tin 1 

 length of the shell; the volutions welt divided; fifteen elevated, rather <, 

 longitudinal ribs invest the shell from its base to the apex ; the in 

 striated transversely, which traverse the ribs towards the base; considerably acu- 

 minate; aperture oblong-ovate, pointed at both extremities; colour daik chocolate 

 brown. Length about three-eighths of an inch. We discovered this shell on Porto- 

 hello Sands. In Lady Jardine's Cabinet. 



This she'd may at once tie distinguished from F. fuscus by the volutions of the spire 

 being more turreted, and the base more acuminate. 



pointed both above and below- 

 strong, and flattened in front, 

 reddish fawn, with transverse, 

 Length about a quarter of 



5. /■". discrepant, pi. V, f. 49-50 — First Ed., pi. 48, f. 49-50. 



Shell acute, with six dark chestnut coloured, glossy volutions; the body and two 

 lower volutions having eleven longitudinal strong r.bs, becoming obsolete towards 

 the base, which is acuminate ; three superior volutions of the spire divested of ribs, 

 smooth and somewhat obtuse at the tip ; interstices between the ribs smooth ; aper- 

 ture oblong; outer lip somewhat thickened; columella smooth. Length about 

 three-eighths of an inch. Found at Dunbar by General Bingham. 



In its general form this shell nearly resembles F. discors, but differs from it in 

 being broader m proportion to its length, in having fewer ribs, and no intermediate stria?. 



6. F. castanau, pi. V, f. 4.1-44.— First Ed., pi. 48, f. 43-44. 



Shell acute, with five volutions, the bode and two of which are provided with 

 thirteen longitudinal strong smooth ribs, which become obsolete towards the base, 

 spire occupying about a third the length of the shell ; upper volutions smooth, and 

 somewhat obtuse at the tip; the interstices between the costa- transversely striate, 

 which run across the lower portion of the ribs, where the shell becomes acuminate ; 

 aperture oblong-ovate, considerably wider above than below ; outer lip thin ; columella 

 smooth; colour reddish chestnut and glossy. Length three-eighths of an inch. Found 

 at Dunbar by General Bingham. 



The form of this and the last described species are nearly alike, and may be 

 easily confounded ; but attention to its having two more ribs, fewer volutions, and 

 the striate interstices, will at once distinguish it from F. discrepans. 



7. F. minimus, pi. V, f. 35-36 First Ed , pi. 4s, f. 35-36. 



Shell acute ; six or seven tapering volutions, well divided by the suture, with 

 eleven nearly straight, longitudinal ribs, all of which, as well as the interstices, aru 

 covered with distant, somewhat imbricated strix ; ovate-oblong ; rather expanded : 

 outer lip a little thickened ; pillar lip smooth ; colour pale chestnut. 



8. F. costatus, pi. V, f. 45-46 — First Ed., pi. 48, f. 45-46; Murex costatus ; 

 Montagu, p. 265; Maton and Racket, Linn. Trans., VIII, p. 144. 



Shell taper ; six volutions, provided with eight or nine elevated ribs extendin" 

 beyond the suture above ; glossy and destitute of stria; ; two upper volutions without 

 ribs ; aperture obovate; outer lip a little thickened by a rib at the back ; colour va- 

 rious ; deep purplish brown, or chocolate brown ; yellowish white, with spiral streaks 

 of reddish brown. Length three-tenths of an inch ; breadth one-eighth. Corn- 

 wall, Devonshire, South Wales, Dublin Bay, and Portmarnock, Ireland. 



9. F. fasciatns, pi. V, f. 41-42.— First Ed., pi. 48, f. 41-42. 



Shell taper, eight somewhat turreted volutions, with fifteen longitudinal, nearly- 

 straight smooth ribs, with the interstices finely striated transversely ; base of body- 

 somewhat acuminate; aperture ovate-oblong; pale yellowish brown, with a narrow 

 transverse band of reddish brown across the body. Length about three-eighths of 

 an ineh. Discovered at Dunbar by General Bingham. 



10. F. linearis, pi. V, f. 54 — First Ed., pi. 48, f. 54; Montagu, p. 261 pi 9 

 f. 4. 



Shell rugose, of a light brown ; volutions seven or eight, rounded, with nine or 

 ten strong ribs, longitudinally crossed by elevated striae, the summits of which are 

 purplish brown ; and also by fine spiral thread-like lines, throughout the whole 

 shell ; these are, however, sometimes interrupted, and in some specimens the ribs are 

 entirely devoid of them; apex tapering to a fine point, where it is generally darkest ; 

 aperture oval, narrowed beneath ; outer lip thickened at the back by a rib, crenu- 

 lated at the edge, and slightly so interiorly ; pillar lip smooth. Length more than a 

 quarter of an inch, breadth one-eighth. Found at Salcomb, Falmouth, and at 

 Dunbar. 



11. F. multilinear!!, pi. V, f. 22.23 F. linearis First Ed., pi. 48. f. 22-23- 



Shell fusiform, spire very acute, seven deeply divided, somewhat ventricose volu- 

 tions, with fourteen smooth, prominent, longitudinal ribs, which are continued to the 

 base, their upper ends projecting beyond the suture in eaeh volution ; body much 

 acuminated below ; aperture oblong, nearly radiform, greatly contracted both above 

 and below; outer lip thickened by a rib behind, and slightly dentated within; ribs 

 extending over the columella; whole shell smooth and shining, and with numerous 

 reddish-brown, transverse lines, occupying the interstices between the ribs which 

 may be mistaken for stria;, unless examined with a strong lens ; colour pale chestnut ; 

 when viewed from behind, the spire and body are nearly of equal length. Length 

 three-eighths of an inch, breadth one-eighth. Found at Dunbar, and in our First 

 Edition, mistaken for the smooth ribbed variety of F. linearis ; but they differ 

 materially in form, the latter being less fusiform, and much broader in proportion to 

 its length, and being strongly striate, as well us lineated, while the F. multilincaris 



d of stria?. 



is totally de 

 We are ii 

 of F. linear 

 doubt, but that 

 alius, and rufn 



this to tic tile i 

 12. F. pi/ra 



ned to think that this is the shell which Montagu treats as a variety 

 when he says the lines are " sometimes interrupted." We have little 

 in many cabinets, F. fuscus, discrepans, discard minimus, eastancus, 

 s, are associated as so many varieties of F. costatus. We have found 

 ase in the examination of different cabinets. 



datus, pi. V, f. 1!) 20.— First Ed , pi. 48. f. 19-20. 

 Shell fusiform, subturretcd, spire very long, nearly the length of the body, taper- 

 ing abruptly, consisting of seven volutions ; bedy and four lower volutions of the 

 spire with eleven waved, longitudinal, smooth ribs; the interstices finely striate 

 transversely; three upper volutions of the spire smooth ; aperture elongated ; outer 

 lip somewhat thickened above, and thin towards the base; pillar lip reflected in the 

 columella; base of beak with strong, circular stria;. Length three-eighths of an 



