Involute.] 



MOLLUSCA. 



Genus *]. — Rf.voirea Broun. 



Shell multilocular, the volutions mutually involving the axis ; 

 the opening at the point of the superior chamber. 



1. H. ohlotga. pi. LVt. f. IB 17 First Ed., pi. I, f. 16-17. 



Shell ohlon:r-nvite. kidney shaped, with sii compartments, the three superior in- 

 vesting the inferior ones ; colour bluish white, very transparent and glossy. Length 

 one line. Found at Tenby, Wales, by George Lyons, Esq. 



Genus 8. — Miliola. — Lamarck. 

 Shell multilocular, transverse, ovate-globular, or elongated, with 

 transverse cells surrounding the axis, and alternately surmounting 

 each other; aperlure very small, orbicular or oblong, situated at 

 the base of the last volution. 



1. M cnnccntrica. pi. LVI. f. 22.— First Ed., pi. 1, f. 22. 



Shell consisting of four small, oblong, central, double semilunar compartments, 

 invested by two large ones ; smooth, shining, and of a cream white colour ; size 

 about a line. Found at Dunbar by General Bingham. 



Genus 9. — Lagena. — Walker. 

 Shell unilocular, flask-shaped and free. 



1. L. perluciia, pi. LVI, f. 29.— First Ed., pi. 1, f. 29; Vermiculum perlu- 

 ,-ulum : Montagu, p. 525. pi. 1 4, f. 3. 



Shell flask-shaped, smooth, furnished with six equidistant, longitudinal ribs, and a 

 small knob at the base ; neck very long, subcylindrical, aperture extremely small ; 

 colour white, transparent and glossy, sometimes brownish. Length not a tenth of 

 an inch. Found at Seasalter. 



2. L. striata, pi. LVI, f. 36.— First Ed., pi. 1, f. 36 ; Walker, f. 6; Vermiculum 

 striatum : Montagu, p. 523. 



Shell suboval, w ith a slender produced neck ; body longitudinally and conspicu- 

 ously striated, being more opaque than the rest of the shell ; shaped like a Florence 

 flask ; aperture small, orbicular. Length not half a line. A rare shell, found at 

 Sandwich, Reculver, Shepey, and on the south coast of Devonshire. 



3. L. squamosa, pi. LVI, f. 32 First Ed., pi. 1, f. 32; Vermiculum squa- 

 mosum ; Montagu, p. 526, pi. 14, f. 2. 



Shell subglohose, marked with undulated scale-like striae; aperture a little pro- 

 duced. A minute species from Seasalter. 



4. L. marginata. pi. LVI, f. 30-31.— First Ed., pi. 1, f. 30-31 ; Walker, f. 7 , 

 Vermiculum marginatum ; Montagu, p. 524. 



Shell somewhat flask-shaped, its centre invested by a lib, subdiv ; ding the body ; 

 colour white, transparent and glossy. From Reculver ; very rare. 



j. L. nrna, pi. LVI, f. 33 First Ed., pi. 1, f. 33; Vermiculum urna- ; Mon- 

 tagu, p. 525. pi. 14, f. 1. 



Shell urn-shaped, smooth, glossy, semi-transparent and white ; at the base there 

 is a slender appendage, or knob ; superior extremity produced into a" conic neck, in 

 which is situated the aperture. Length not quite a line. Found in sand at Shepey 

 Island. 



6. /.. retorta, pi. LVI, f. 34-35.— First Ed., pi. 1, f. 34-35; Serpula retorta ; 

 Walker, f. 10; Vermiculum retortum i Montagu, p. 524. 



Shell suboibicular, retort-shaped, white, opaque ; centre of the body and outer edge 

 of the neck invested by a strong longitudinal rib ; mouth subcylindrical and recurved, 

 with a small subumbilicus at the base of the neck. Diameter not half a line. Found 

 at Sandwich. 



ORDER II— TRACHELIPODA. 



Posterior part of the body spirally convolute, separated from the 

 feet, and constantly enveloped in a shell ; foot free, depressed, at- 

 tached to the lower base of the neck, on the anterior part of the 

 body, and forming a member of locomotion ; shell spiral and envel- 

 oping. 



Section I Zoophagous Trachelipoda. 



The animals are entirely marine, having a protruding syphon, 

 and respiring water only, which reaches the branchiae by this sy- 

 phon; they are devoid of maxillae; provided with a retractile pro- 

 boscis; and feed on other animals. Shell spiral, enveloping, with 

 the aperture canaliculate, notched or effuse at its base. 



Family I Involute. 



Shell destitute of a canal, but having its aperture notched or 



effuse at the base, and its volutions compressed, and convoluted in 

 such a manner as the external one nearly envelopes the others. 



Genus I Cypb^a Linnceus. 



Shell ovate, or oblong-ovate, convex ; margins involute; aperture 

 longitudinal, narrow, dentatedon both sides, effuse at the extremities ; 

 spire very small, generally concealed in the mature shells. 



1. C. Europea, pi. II, f. 8-12 First EJ., pi. 44, f. 8-12 ; Cyprcca pediculus ; 



Montagu, p. 200, Donovan, II, pi. 43. 



Shell oval, glossy, tumid on the back, surrounded with transverse elevated striae, 

 which terminate within the lips, giving them the appearance of being crenulated ; 

 the surrounding striae in some places divided by intermediate shorter ones, or in some 

 instances they are bifurcated ; colour pale purplish brown, or skin colour, with three 

 dark, black. sh brown spots on the ridge of 'he back ; the middle one often very 

 faintly marked; face of the shell, in which the lips are situate, white, or very pale 

 flesh colour. Common on many of the shores of Britain and Ireland. 



This species, like the whole of the Genus, is very dissimilar in its young and adult 

 state, and has in consequence been described in those conditions as distinct species. 

 Fig. 6, pi 2, is the shell in its early state, the Bulla iliaphana of Montagu, p. 225, 

 pi. 7, f. 8 ; and f. 10 is the same in a more advanced condition ; the Cypraa bullutu 

 of Montagu, p. 202, pt. 6, f. 1. In both these stages it is entirely devoid of striae, 

 being diaphanous, glossy and thin. 



Montagu describes the variety of this species, which is destitute of spots, as the 

 C. Arctica. Authors haie also confounded it with the C. pediculus of Linnseus, 

 from which it is at once distinguished, being devoid of the dorsal sulcus. 



Genus 2 — Ovula. — Bruguiere. 



Shell turgid, attenuated at both ends; margins convolute; aperture 

 longitudinal, narrow, effuse at the extremities; the left margin 

 without teeth. 



1. Ovula patula, pi. II, f. 11-13 First Ed., pi. 44, f. 11-13; Bulla patula ; 



British Zoology, pi. 70, f. 85, A ; Montagu, p. 207. 



Shell smooth, glossy ; pale fawn, or cream white ; oblong, involuted, upper end 

 extending beyond the body, base more produced ; aperture large, terminating in a 

 short canal at each end, most contracted at the top ; columella twisted, and ending 

 in an oblong subumbilicus on the pillar lip ; outer lip plain, and very thin. Length one 

 and one-tenth of an inch, breadth one inch. Found at Weymouth. 



Family II — Columellaria. 



Destitute of a canal at the base of the aperture, but with a sub- 

 dorsal notch, more or less distinct, and folds upon the columella. 



Genus 3. — Volvaria Lamarck. 



Shell cylindrical, convolute; the spire hardly protruding; aper- 

 ture narrow, nearly the whole length of the shell; columella with 

 one or more folds near its base. 



1. V. eylindrica, pi. XIX, f.36-37.— First Ed., pi. 38, f. 36-37; V. pallida ; La- 

 marck, 7, p. 3t>3 ; Bulla eylindrica, Pulteney, p. 40 ; B. cylindracca, Montagu, 

 p. 221, pi. 7, f. 2; Pennant, pi. 70, f. 85; Donovan, IV, pi. 120, f. 2. 2. 



Shell slender, cylindric, smooth, glossy and white ; aperture extending its whole 

 length, very narrow and somewhat dilated at the base ; outer lip thin, acute, straight • 

 inner lip thickened, opaque and white ; columella somewhat indented. Length five- 

 eighths of an inch, breadth two-eighths. Inhabits the sea at Falmouth, Teignraoutn, 

 and Dawlish, South Devonshire, Beddleford Bay in the north, and on the Caernar- 

 vonshire coast, Tyne sands, Frith of Forth, and Portmarnock, Ireland. 



2. V. subcylindrica, pi. XIX, f. 19-20.— First Ed., pi. 38, f. 19-20. 



Shell subcylindiic, oblong-ovate, smooth, white ; aperture utnbilicated, the whole 

 length of *.he shell, compressed, widening a little towards the base, outer lip rising 

 a little above the apex ; pillar lip slightly reflected at the base, forming a subum- 

 bilicus. Length one-eighth of an inch, breadth half its length. Discovered at 

 Dunbar by General Bingham. 



3. V. umbilicata, pi. XIX, f. 9 First Ed., pi. 38, f. 9; Bulla umbilicala ; 



Montagu, p. 222, pi. 7, f. 4. 



Shell oblong-oval, smooth, and white ; apex rounded and strongly umbilicated , 

 aperture the whole length of the shell, very narrow, dilating a little at the base. 

 Length an eighth of an inch, breadth about half its length. Found in sand at Fal- 

 mouth harbour. 



4. V. alba, pi. XIX, f. 43-44 First Ed., pi. 38, f. 43-44. 



Shell subcylindrical, bulging in the centre, thin, smooth, glossy and white ; aperture 

 the whole length of the shell, a little compressed in the centre, and dilated towards 

 the base; outer lip thin, pillar lip thickened at the base, with a very slight dupli- 

 caturc at the bottom of the columella ; no visible spire, but its apex slightly subum- 



