34 



at the junction of the volutions; outer volution exhibiting three 

 white curved, remote, equidistant lines, radiating from the um- 

 bilicus; these are the internal septa which divide the chambers; 

 under side nearly flat, and umbilicated ; aperture oval, and 

 somewhat triangular ; outer lip interrupted. Diameter not a 

 quarter of an inch. 



Found in stagnant water, adhering to aquatic plants. 



This shell may be easily confounded with the Planorbis 

 nitidus, but if inspected through a lens the concamerations will 

 be at once perceived. 



Family IX. — Colimacea. 



Spiral ; destitute of any exterior projections, except the 

 additions of growth ; outer lip frequently reflected ; terrestrial 

 or amphibious ; tentacles of the animal cylindrical, with or 

 without an operculum. 



Section I. — Animals with two tentacles. 



Genus 42. — Cyclostoma. — Lamarck. 

 Shell turbinated, variable in shape, thin ; the apex in most 

 species obtuse, and the volutions ventricose ; aperture entire, 

 circular, or nearly so in the adult state ; outer lip more or less 

 angular at the upper part, sometimes thickened, usually reflected 

 and united all round, and frequently externally fringed ; oper- 

 culum spiral, horny, but inclining to testaceous in some species, 

 consisting of a few depressed convolutions, provided with a sim- 

 ple testaceous internal coating. 



1. Cyclostoma elegans, pi. XIV, f. 28 — First Ed., pi. 

 41, f. 28. 



Cyclostoma elegans, Drapernaud, p. 32, pi. 1, f. 5 and 8; 

 Lamarck, An. San. Vert., VI, pt. 2nd, p. 148; Pfeiffer, p. 74, 

 pi. 4, f. 30, 31 ; Turton, Man., p. 93, f. 75; Fleming, Brit. An., 

 p. 257; Alder, Mag. Zool. and Bot., II, p. 112; Brard, p. 103, 

 pi. 3, f.7, 8; Jeffreys, Linn. Tr., XVI, p. 63; Thompson, Ann. 

 and Mag. Nat. Hist., VI, p. 51 ; Cyclostomus elegans, De 

 Montfort, II, p. 287 ; Turbo elegans, Montagu, Test. Brit., p. 

 342, pi. 22, f. 7; Maton and Rackett, Linn. Tr., VIII, p. 167; 

 Brown, Wernerian Mem., II, p. 522 ; lb., Ency. Brit., VI, p. 

 456; Fleming, Edin. Ency., VII, p. 74, pi. 203, f. 10; Turbo 

 himidus, Pennant, Brit. Zo'ol., IV, p. 128, pi. 82, f. 110; Turbo 

 striatus, Da Costa, p. 86, pi. 5, f. 9; Donovan, Brit. Sh., II, pi. 

 59; Nerita elegans, Miillcr, Verm., II, p. 1 77» 



Shell tapering, oblong-ovate ; body large, tumid ; spire con- 

 sisting of four ventricose volutions, and ending in an obtuse 

 apex; whole external surface provided with numerous, close-set, 

 raised, spiral stria;, crossed by finer longitudinal stria;, producing 

 a reticulated appearance ; aperture round, with a slight angular 

 contraction above; outer lip thin, smooth on the edge, and con- 

 tinuous; inner lip slightly reflected on the columella, with a 

 subumbilicus behind ; colour usually cinereous, with a purplish 

 tinge, and reddish-purple at the apex; frequently fasciated with 

 two rows of purplish-brown spots, or interrupted bands, or in 

 some instances longitudinally streaked with a similar colour ; 

 operculum horny externally, and testaceous on its inner surface, 

 with a single depressed spiral lino, and a series of fine striae 

 radiating from it towards the circumference. Length five- 

 eighths of an inch ; breadth three-eighths. 



MOLLUSCA. [Trachelipoda 



Found in the Limestone districts of England and Wales; 

 and Portrush, Ireland. 



2. Cyclostoma marmorea, pi. XVIII, f. 15. 



Cyclostoma marmorea, Brown, Edin. Jour. Nat. and Geo. 

 Science, I, p. 12, pi. 1, f. 10, 1 1. 



Shell oblong-ovate; body large, inflated; spire small, con- 

 sisting of four deeply divided volutions, abruptly tapering to 

 an obtuse apex ; aperture quite orbicular ; outer lip united all 

 round ; pillar lip slightly reflected on the columella, behind 

 which is a deep umbilicus ; whole surface smooth, glossy, of a 

 pale ash colour, covered with zig-zag markings of a reddish 

 chestnut-brown, which form four spiral fascia; on the lower 

 volution, and gradually become obsolete on the superior por- 

 tion of the spire. 



I noticed this elegant shell in the cabinet of my friend James 

 Gerard, Esq., Edinburgh, associated with some British speci- 

 mens of Cyclostoma elegans, to which it is closely allied in 

 form, but may at once be distinguished from that shell in being 

 totally devoid of stria;, which in the elegans are very strong and 

 conspicuous. 



Genus 43. — Carychium Miiller. 



Shell oblong or cylindrical, with gradually increasing volu- 

 tions, few in number ; aperture straight, short, with folds on 

 the columella. 



1. Carychium minimum, pi. XIV, f. 10, and pi. XVIII, f. 

 15 First Ed., pi. 41, f. 10. 



Carychium minimum, Midler, Verm., II, p. 125; Pfeiffer, I, 

 p. 72, pi. 3, f. 45, 46; Leach, Moll., p. 133; Jeffreys, Linn. 

 Tr., XVI, p. 365 ; Fleming, Brit. An., p. 270 ; Forbes, Mai. 

 Mon., p. 12; Alder, Mag. Zool. and Bot, II, p. 114; Thomp- 

 son, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., VI, p. 42 ; Odostomo carychium, 

 Fleming, Edin. Ency., VII, p. 76; Auricella carychium, Hart- 

 man, p. 49 ; Auricula minima, Drapernaud, Moll., p. 57, pi. 3, 

 f. 18, 19; Turho carychium, Montagu, Test. Brit., p. 339, pi. 

 22, f. 2; Maton and Rackett, Linn. Tr., VIII, p. 184; Brown, 

 Ency. Brit., 6th Ed, VI, p. 457. 



Shell conic, glossy, pellucid, white ; body and spire of about 

 equal length; the latter consisting of four very gradually taper- 

 ing, minutely striated volutions, well defined by the suture, 

 terminating in a somewhat obtuse apex; aperture semioval, or 

 auriform, rounded both above and below ; columella provided 

 with two tooth-like folds, and sometimes a small rudimentary 

 one above the others ; outer lip with a thickened margin, and 

 in its centre a tooth-like knob. Length hardly a line; breadth 

 one-third its length. 



This is the most minute of all the land shells, and is found 

 pretty generally diffused at the roots of grass, or on mossy 

 banks, in woods, and other moist situations. 



Genus 44. — Acme Hartmann. 



Shell subcylindrical, terminating in a blunted apex; aperture 

 ovate, simple ; outer lip simple, thin, slightly reflected over the 

 columella, forming a subumbilicus. 



1. Acme fusca, pi. XIV, f. 25 First Ed, pi. 41, f. 25. 



Acme lineala, Hartmann, Sturm, Faun., pi. 1, f. 4; Acme 

 fusca, Thompson, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist, VI, p. 43; Turbo 



