Involute.] 



MOLLUSCA. 



35 



fuscus, Walker, Test. Min. Rar., p. 112, pi. 2, f. 42; Montagu, 

 Test. Brit., p. 330; Wood, Sup., pi. 6, f. 15; Carychium coch- 

 lea, Studer, Catal., p. 21 ; Carychium fuscum, Fleming, Brit. 

 An., p. 270 ; Jeffreys, Linn. Tr., XVI, p. 364 ; Carychium 

 Uneatum, Ferussac, Tab. Syst., p. 100; Rossmassler, V, p. 54, 

 pi. 28, f. 408; Cyclostoma Uneatum, Ferussac, Diet. Class. Hist. 

 Nat., II, p. 90 ; Auricula lineata, Drapernaud, Hist., p. 57, pi. 

 3, f. 20, 21 ; Balimus lineatus, Turton, Man., p. 82, f. 66; lb., 

 Zool. Journ., II, p. 565. 



Shell cylindrical, of a brown colour, and extremely glossy ; 

 body somewhat shorter than the spire ; which consists of five 

 nearly flat volutions, decreasing but little in diameter, except 

 the two upper ones, which are a little less, somewhat paler, and 

 terminating in a blunted apex ; volutions divided by a well 

 marked suture, and covered with remote, regular, longitudinal 

 itrias, which are invisible without the aid of a strong lens; aper- 

 ture subovate; pillar lip slightly reflected on the columella, with 

 a small subumbilicus behind; outer lip thin, and even. Length 

 about the tenth of an inch ; diameter nearly a sixth. 



Found in damp situations amongst moss and jungermannise. 



2. Acme minuta, pi. XIV, f. 26 First Ed., pi. 41, f. 26. 



Shell cylindrical, smooth, shining, and of a greenish-brown 

 colour ; spire consisting of four slightly raised volutions, sepa- 

 rated by a well marked suture, and terminating in an obtuse 

 apex ; aperture subovate ; pillar lip slightly reflected on the 

 columella ; outer lip thin, and even on the edges. Length 

 about the tenth of an inch ; diameter not a sixth. 



I found this minute species at Douglas Castle, Lanarkshire, 

 amongst jungermannias, in the low meadow land below the old 

 tower. 



This species may be distinguished from the A. fusca by 

 being longer in proportion to its breadth, in the volutions being 

 more inflated, and in being entirely destitute of spiral striae. 



Section II. — Animals with four tentacula. 



Genus 45. — Succinea Drapernaud. 



Shell subovate, or ovately conical, mostly elongated ; spire 

 short ; aperture longitudinal, oblique, large, entire, and usually 

 about two-thirds the length of the shell ; margin of the outer 

 lip thin, sharp, and not reflected, united to the columellar lip 

 below; columella smooth, sharp-edged, narrow, and attenuated; 

 inner lip spread over a small portion of the body volution. 



The shells of this genus are distinguished from the Lymnwa, 

 by being destitute of the oblique fold on the columella. 



1. Succinea amphibia, pi. XIV, f. 41, 42. — First Ed., pi. 

 42, f. 41, 42. 



Succinea amphibia, Drapernaud, Hist. Moll., p. 58, pi. 3, f. 

 22, 23 ; Lamarck, An. San. Vert., VI, p. 135 ; Pfeiffer, p. 67, 

 pi. 3, f. 36 and 38; Sowerby, Genera, f. 3; Brard, p. 72, pi. 3, 

 f. 1 ; Turton, Man., p. 91, f. 73; Alder, Mag. Zool. and Bot., 

 II, p. 106; Succinea jmtris, Fleming, Brit. An., p. 267 ; Jef- 

 freys, Linn. Tr., XVI, p. 325 and 505 ; Thompson, Ann. and 

 Mag. Nat. Hist., VI, p. 35; Succinea Miilleri, Leach, Moll., 

 p. 78; Helix pzitris, Linne, Syst. Nat., I, p. 1249; Donovan, 

 Brit. Sh., pi. 168, f. 1 ; Helix succinea, Miiller, Verm., II, p. 

 97; Brown, Wernerian Mem., II, p. 530; Maton and Rackett, 

 Linn. Tr., VIII, p. 218; Lymnea succinea, Fleming, Edin. 

 Ency., VII, p. 77 ; Helix limosa, Dillwyn, Des. Cat., p. 965. 



Shell oblong-ovate, smooth, extremely thin and pellucid, and 

 glabrous, of a greenish or yellowish-amber colour ; body very 

 large ; spire very small, nearly perpendicular to the base, or 

 slightly oblique, consisting of three rapidly diminishing volu- 

 tions, terminating in an acute apex ; aperture very large, 

 occupying about three-fourths the shell, narrowed above, and 

 rounded beneath ; outer lip plain, sharp, and very thin. The 

 columella is visible through its entire length. 



2. Succinea gracilis, pi. XIV, f. 34, 35. — First Ed., pi. 

 42, f. 34, 35. 



Succinea gracilis, Alder, Mag. Zool. and Bot., II, p. 106; 

 Succinea oblonga, Leach, Moll., MSS.; Turton, Man., p. 92, f. 

 74 ; Alder, Cat. 6, No. 20 ; Succinea I'feifferi, Rossmassler, 

 Icon., pi. 92, f. 46; Thompson, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., VI, 

 p. 35 ; Succinea amphibia, var. b, Pfeiffer, p. 67, pi. 3, f. 37, 

 var. /3; Nilson, p. 41, 7 and <S; Drapernaud, Moll., f. 23; Suc- 

 cinea putris, var. a, Jeffreys, Linn. Tr., XVI, p. 325 and 505 ; 

 Helix putris, Montagu, Test. Brit., p. 376, pi. 16, f. 4. 



Shell oblong-ovate, slender, pellucid, shining, and of a bright 

 amber colour ; body very large ; spire very small, consisting 

 of three rapidly diminishing volutions, with an acute apex ; 

 aperture very large, oblong-ovate, contracted above, wide and 

 rounded below, and placed very oblique ; outer lip thin, and 

 sharp at the edge. 



Variety 1, pi. XVIII, f. 22, 23. This elegant variety of the 

 species was found at Beaumaris, Anglesea, North Wales, by 

 my friend Thomas Glover, Esq., of Smedley Hill, Manchester. 

 It is much thicker in proportion to its size, and of a deep flesh 

 colour ; the spire is also more inflated than the ordinary spe- 

 cimens. 



This shell seldom attains the same size as the S. amphibia, 

 and may readily be distinguished by its very oblique aperture, 

 and in being more elongated. It inhabits the banks of ponds, 

 rivers, and streams. 



3. Succinea oblonga, pi. XVIII, f. 21. 



Succinea oblonga, Drapernaud, Hist, des Moll., p. 59, pi. 3, 

 f. 24, 25; Pfeiffer, p. 68, pi. 3, f. 39; Jeffreys, Linn. Tr., XVI, 

 p. 325 and 505; Alder, Mag. Zool. and Bot., II, p. 106; John- 

 ston, Proceedings Berwickshire Nat. Hist. Club, p. 154. 



Shell oval, shining, pellucid, and of a pale amber colour ; 

 body large ; spire small, consisting of three well defined volu- 

 tions, terminating in an acute apex ; aperture very large, con- 

 tracted above, and expanded and round below ; outer lip thin, 

 and acute at the edge. Length a quarter of an inch; diameter 

 not an eighth of an inch. 



Found on the margin of ditches at Bathgate, Lanarkshire, by 

 Mr. Kenyon of Preston ; at Britonferry, near Swansea, by Mr. 

 Jeffreys ; and near Berwick-upon-Tweed, by Dr. Johnston. 



Genus 46 — Achatina Lamarck. 



Shell ovate, or oblong; body large; spire short in most 

 species, but it is sometimes lengthened and elevated ; aper- 

 ture entire, longitudinal ; outer lip thin, never reflected ; inner 

 lip but slightly spread over the base of the body ; columella 

 smooth, and destitute of folds or teeth, and truncated at the 

 base. 



Distinguished from Bulimus by the abrupt termination of the 

 pillar lip. 



