10 



MOLLUSCA. 



[Trachelipoda 



Jeffreys, Linn. Tr., XVI, p. 358 ; Thompson, Ann. and Mag. 

 Nat. Hist., VI, p. 25; Forbes, Mai. Mon., p. 11 ; Pupa mus- 

 corum, Lamarck, VI, p. Ill ; Rossmasslcr, VI, p. 15, pi. 23, 

 f. 5 ; Turbo muscorum, Brown, Ency. Brit., Gtli Ed., VI, p. 

 457; Turbo marginata, Sheppard, Linn. Trans., XIV, p. 154; 

 Papilla marginata, Leach, Moll., p. 127; Alcea marginata, 

 Jeffreys, Linn. Tr., XVI, p. 357. 



Shell glossy, subpcllucid, cylindrical, of a chestnut-brown 

 colour ; body about a third of the length of the shell ; spire 

 consisting of five or six slightly inflated, convex volutions, well 

 defined by the sutural line, and terminating in an obtuse apex; 

 aperture nearly orbicular, with a single, small, tubercular tooth, 

 situate far back, at the central part of the aperture, on the 

 front of the body volution ; lips white, continuous, with a whitish 

 rib placed externally behind the outer lip, but which is nearly 

 obsolete in some specimens ; lip thin and emarginate, slightly 

 reflected, with a small subumbilicus placed behind it. Length 

 somewhat more than an eighth of an inch ; diameter about a 

 third its length. 



This species is pretty generally diffused throughout Great 

 Britain and Ireland, inhabiting mossy banks or under stones, in 

 the crevices of rocks or on old walls ; and also under the bark 

 on decayed trees. 



Found at Castletown, Isle of Man, by my friend Edward 

 Forbes, jun., Esq. 



5. Pupa umbilicata, pi. XIV, f. 5— First Ed., pi. 41, f.5. 

 Pupa umbilicata, Drapernaud, p. 62, pi. 3, f. 39, 40 ; 



Lamarck, An. San. Vert., VI, pt. 2nd, p. Ill; Jeffreys, Linn. 

 Tr., XVI, p. 357; Rossmassler, pi. 23, f. 327; Alder, Mag. 

 Zool. and Bot., II, p. 1 1 1 ; Thompson, Ann. and Mag. Nat. 

 Hist., VI, p. 37; Pupa muscorum, Fleming, Brit. An., p. 268; 

 Pupilla Drapernaudii, Leach, Moll., p. 126; Turbo musco- 

 rum, Montagu, Test. Brit., p. 335, pi. 22, f. 3 ; Brown, Ency. 

 Brit., 6th Ed., VI, p. 457 ; Helix umbilicata, Daudeb, Hist, 

 des Moll., No. 474 ; Odostomia muscorum, Fleming, Edin. 

 Ency., VII, p. 76 ; Jaminia muscorum, Risso, E. M., IV, p. 88. 



Shell cylindrical, ventricose, smooth, subpellucid, glossy, pale 

 brownish horn-colour ; body and spire nearly of equal length, 

 the latter consisting of five or six narrow, considerably inflated 

 volutions, terminating in a subacute apex ; aperture elongated, 

 subluniform ; outer and pillar lips rather broad, white, and 

 slightly reflexed, with a single, large, laminar tooth at the supe- 

 rior outer angle of the aperture, and appears to be formed by 

 an inflected prolongation of the outer lip ; behind the columel- 

 lar lip is a rather large umbilicus, bounded by a circular rib. 

 Length somewhat more than the eighth of an inch ; diameter 

 about a third of its length. 



Found on old walls, under stones, and the bark of trees, in 

 many parts of Great Britain and Ireland ; it is abundant in the 

 latter country, as well as all its islands, especially where lime- 

 stone and chalk prevail. 



6. Pupa Anglica, pi. XVIII, f. 35, 36. 



Pupa Anglica, Potiez and Michaud, Gal., I, p. 195, pi. 20, 

 f. 1, 2; Alder, Mag. Zool. and Bot., II, p. Ill ; Thompson, 

 Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., VI, p. 38; Pupa ringens, Jeffreys, 

 Linn. Tr., XVI, p. 356; Pupa tr id entails, Michaud, Compl., 

 p. 61, pi. 15, f. 28, 30; Vertigo Anglica, Ferussac, Moll.; 

 Turton, Man., p. 102, f. 82; Turbo Angticus, Wood, Cat. Sup., 

 pl. 6, I', n. 



Shell ventricose, glossy ; body short ; spire long, consisting 

 of five or six inflated volutions, well defined by the suture, the 

 two superior ones decreasing in size rather suddenly ; aperture 

 somewhat elliptical, provided with five teeth, two on the base 

 of the body, one of them central, and the other small and 

 tubercular, one at the superior portion of the outer angle, 

 parallel with, and united to the outer lip, and so much curved, 

 as nearly to unite with a tubercle which is situate near the top 

 of the outer lip, and forming a nearly circular area betwixt 

 them ; and an oblique, rather sharp tooth situate on the colu- 

 mella ; outer lip flattened in front, reflected, and of a brownish 

 hue ; pillar lip broad, with a deep circular umbilicus behind it ; 

 whole shell with slight, longitudinal striae, and covered with a 

 dark reddish-brown or chocolate-coloured epidermis, and fre- 

 quently grayish towards the apicial region. Length two lines ; 

 diameter one line. 



This interesting species, long considered as peculiar to 

 England, inhabits woody situations, and has been found in 

 various localities, namely, near Bristol, Exeter, Lancashire, and 

 Twizil House, Northumberland ; in Scotland it has been met 

 with in a wood at Corstorphin, near Edinburgh, and at Ballan- 

 trae, Ayrshire, by Mr. Thompson of Belfast ; who also found 

 it in the County of Londonderry, Ireland, at the side of 

 the river Bann, near its junction with the ocean, also in 

 numerous localities throughout Down and Antrim, and on the 

 mountain of Benbulben in Sligo, glen of the Downs, Wicklow, 

 and at the lower lake of Killarney ; Mr. W. H. Harvey found 

 it near Ballitore, and on sand hills at Miltown Malbay. In 

 short, it seems universally diffused throughout Ireland. 



7. Pupa junipebi, pl. XIV, f. 1— First Ed., pl. 41, f. 1. 



Pupa secale, Drapernaud, p. 64, pl. 3, f. 49, 50; Pfeiffer, I, 

 p. 55, pl. 3, f. 14; Jeffreys, Linn. Tr., XVI, p. 353; Ross- 

 massler, Icon., p. 82, pl. 2, f. 35 ; Alder, Mag. Zool. and Bot., 



11, p. Ill; Turbo juniper i, Montagu, Test. Brit., p. 340, pl. 



12, f. 12; Brown, Ency. Brit., 6th Ed., VI, p. 457 ; Turton, 

 Brit. Fau., p. 185; Abida secale, Leach, Moll., p. 165; Vertigo 

 secale, Turton, Man., p. 101, pl. 7, f. 81 ; Chondrus secale, a, 

 Hartmann, p. 218, No. 20; Sturm, VI, p. 7, pl. 4; Torquilla 

 secale, Studer, Catal., p. 19; Cochlodonta secale, Ferussac, 

 Prod., p. 64. 



Shell subcylindrical ; body not quite a third of the length of 

 the shell ; spire consisting of seven or eight somewhat inflated, 

 but narrow volutions, well defined by the sutural line, the four 

 apicial ones tapering rather abruptly, and terminating in a 

 blunted apex ; aperture somewhat square above and rounded 

 below, and provided with seven or eight laminar teeth, two of 

 which are placed on the pillar lip, three on the base of the 

 body, the central one-situate far back, and that next the outside 

 long, sharp, standing obliquely inwards, and obtruding in front 

 of the others, and throe on the outer lip, the central one 

 largest, and the lower one deeply seated ; all the teeth of the 

 outer lip are visible externally, shining through in the form of 

 three pale, slightly spiral bands ; outer lip white, acute, broad 

 below, with a slight wave or sinus above, and reflected ; pillar 

 lip continuous with the outer one, and reflected, with an um- 

 bilicus behind ; whole surface subopaque, of a dull grayish- 

 brown colour, and covered with very fine, regular, longitudinally 

 oblique stria*. Length upwards of a quarter of an inch ; dia- 

 meter equal to about a third of its length. 



