is 



MOLLUSCA. 



[Trachelipoda 



18. Helix granulata, pi. XVII, f. 8 and 13 — First Ed., 

 pi. 40, f. 8 and 13. 



Helix granulata, Aider, Mag. Zool. and Bot., II, p. 107; 

 Forbes, Mai. Mon., p. 8 ; Thompson, Ann. and Mag. Nat. 

 Hist., VI, p. 26; Helix hispida, Montagu, Test. Brit., p. 423; 

 Maton and Rackett, Linn. Tr., VIII, p. 198; Fleming, Edin. 

 Ency., VII, p. 79; lb., Brit. An., p. 261; Brown, Eney. Brit., 

 6th Ed., VI, p. 458; lb., Wernerian Mem., II, p. 225; Turton, 

 Brit. Fau., p. 189; Helix sericea, Turton, Man., p. 38; Jeffreys, 

 Linn. Tr., XVI, p. 333 and 507 ; Helix globularis, Jeffreys, 

 Linn. Tr., XVI, p. 507 ; Tela hispida, Leach, Moll., p. 98. 



Shell subglobose, subpellucid, thin, fragile, and of a pale yel- 

 lowish horn-colour; body venlricose, about a third longer than 

 the spire, which consists of four rather tumid volutions, well 

 defined by the sutural line, and terminating in a slightly obtuse 

 apex ; base well rounded, and provided with a very small um- 

 bilicus; aperture semilunar, its width exceeding its length; outer 

 lip very thin, with a slight internal rib, apparent in the adult 

 condition only ; pillar lip slightly reflected, at the angle, over 

 the umbilicus; whole surface covered with fine, close-set, short, 

 downy, whitish hairs, which, when removed, exhibits the mi- 

 nutely granulated, shagreen-like, glossy exterior of the shell. 

 Diameter a quarter of an inch. 



This species is pretty generally spread over Great Britain. 

 It is found in Wiltshire, Devonshire, Lincolnshire, Cornwall, 

 Dorsetshire, and Northumberland ; and is plentiful among net- 

 tles in the King's Park, at Edindurgh. In Ireland, I met with 

 it at Naas, County of Kildare, and near Downpatrick ; Mr. W. 

 H. Harvey found it about Limerick and Ballitore ; and Mr. 

 Humphreys found it at Belgrove, east of Cork. Professor 

 Forbes says it is common on the Isle of Man. Its habitat is in 

 moist, woody situations. 



20. Helix bevelata, pi. XVII, f. 3, 4, 5 First Ed., pi- 



40, f. 3, 4, 5. 



Helix revelala, Ferussac, Prod., p. 44 ; Michel, Compl., p. 

 27, pi. 15, f. 6, 7, 8 ; Deshayes, Lam. An. Sans. Vert., VIII, 

 p. 83. 



Shell subglobose, thin, subpellucid, of a pale yellowish-green 

 colour ; body large ; spire small, consisting of three moderately 

 raised volutions, ending in a subobtuse apex ; base not much 

 raised, and provided with a narrow umbilicus ; aperture sublu- 

 nate, very oblique, and rather rounded ; outer lip thin, and 

 very slightly reflcxed ; pillar lip a little reflected over the um- 

 bilicus, and shewing only the base of the penultimate volution; 

 surface covered with a few scattered grayish hairs, which, when 

 removed, reveal a slightly wrinkled exterior. Diameter about 

 a quarter of an inch. 



Discovered by me on the Lomond Hills, Fifeshire, Scotland, 

 and named Vitrina membranacea in the first edition of this 

 work; it has since been met with by Professor Forbes in shady 

 places, among nettles, near Dolyle's Monument, in Guernsey, 

 where it is not uncommon. 



21. Helix sericea, pi. XVIII, f. 43, 44. 



Helix sericea, Miiller, Verm. Hist., II, p. 60, No. 258; Dra- 

 pernaud, p. 103, pi. 7, f. 16, 17 ; Pfeiffer, I, p. 34, pi. 2, f. 17 ; 

 Kenyon, Mag. Nat. Hist., I, p. 427, f. 3 ; Alder, Mag. Zool. 

 and Bot., II, p. 107; Thompson, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 

 VI, p. 26 ; Rossmassler, Icon., VII, p. 2, pi. 31, f. 428, 429. 



Shell subglobose, thin, diaphanous, subpellucid, and of a 



reddish horn-colour, with a nearly obsolete, spiral girdle sur- 

 rounding the body volutions, producing a somewhat carinated 

 aspect ; body subdepressed, very tumid on the sides, consider- 

 ably longer than the spire, which consists of four moderately 

 rounded, gradually tapering volutions, terminating in a subob- 

 tuse apex; base not very prominent, with a rather small umbili- 

 cus; aperture sublunate, its length and width nearly equal; 

 outer lip thin, destitute of an internal rib; pillar lip a little 

 reflected over the umbilicus; whole shell covered with a brown 

 epidermis, beset with remote, rather elongated, recurved, soft 

 hairs, which, when removed, exposes a slightly wrinkled exte- 

 rior. Diameter about a quarter of an inch. 



Varieties are said to be found nearly white. 



This species differs from H. hispida, in being thinner and 

 more globular in form, and in the umbilicus being smaller. It 

 will be known from the H. granulata, by being wrinkled, in- 

 stead of having granulations. 



Inhabits woody situations. 



Mr. Alder, who first introduced this shell on the faith of 

 Baron de Ferussac, gives no locality for it. Mr. Thompson 

 gives it as an Irish specimen, from Lagan, near Belfast, but 

 considers it as merely a variety of H. hispida. 



22. Helix hispida, pi. XVII, f. 40 and 46— First Ed., 

 pi. 40, f. 40 and 46. 



Helix hispida, Miiller, Verm., II, p. 73, No. 268 ; Draper- 

 naud, p. 103, pi. 7, f. 20, 21, 22; Gmelin, Linn. Syst., I, p. 

 3625, No. 42 ; Pfeiffer, I, p. 36, pi. 2, f. 20 ; Brard, p. 27, pi. 

 2, f. 1 ; Turton, Man., p. 57, f. 41 ; Jeffreys, Linn. Tr., XIII, 

 p. 338; Lamarck, An. San. Vert., VI, pt. 2nd, p. 92, No. 100; 

 Rossmassler, VII, p. 2, pi. 31, f. 226, 227; Alder, Mag. Zool. 

 and Bot., II, p. 107 ; Thompson, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 

 VI, p. 27. 



Shell subdepressed, subdiaphanous, of a brownish horn- 

 colour, frequently of a dark reddish-brown; body large, convex 

 on the sides, with a pale, central, transverse, subcarinated zone; 

 spire small, subdepressed, consisting of three rather depressed 

 and not deeply defined volutions, with a blunt apex ; base not 

 much produced, and with a deep, moderately-sized umbilicus ; 

 aperture moderate, subluniform, somewhat rounded ; outer lip 

 even, with an internal rib ; pillar lip not reflected ; whole exte- 

 rior covered with fine, close-set, bristly hairs, which are very 

 caducous, when these are removed the surface is slightly stri- 

 ated. Diameter a quarter of an inch ; its length being hardly 

 so much. 



This species is always hairy, and very flat above, even in the 

 youngest condition. 



Not uncommon in many parts of Great Britain, and is widely 

 spread over Ireland. It is found under stones, decayed trees, 

 leaves, &c, both in dry and moist situations. Mr. Thompson 

 mentions a well marked variety, which he found in the North 

 of Ireland, where it is the most common form. It is larger, 

 more depressed, and with a more ample umbilicus, than the 

 ordinary form. 



23. Helix concinna, pi. XVIII, f. 45, 46. 



Helix concinna, Jeffreys, Linn. Tr., XIII, p. 337 ; Alder, 

 Mag. Zool. and Bot., II, p. 107; Thompson, Ann. and Mag. 

 Nat. Hist., VI, p. 27; Forbes, Mai. Mon., p. 8; Helix depilata, 

 Alder, Mag. Zool. and Bot., II, p. 107; Helix circinnata, Fe- 

 russac, Prod., No. 268. 



