50 



MOLLUSCA. 



[Trachelipoda 



faint indication of spiral bands. Colonel Montagu observes, 

 that "in shape it is a medium between Helix virgata and 

 radiata ; it is not so produced as the former, nor so flat as the 

 latter ; in the bands, or fasciae, at the base it somewhat resem- 

 bles the first, and in being strongly striated is like the last." 



This is a local species, and has been found in Wiltshire, 

 South Devonshire, Cornwall, and Cumberland. It is plentiful 

 in the neighbourhood of the Old Quarry, back of and also at 

 the base of the cliffs in front of Salisbury Crags, at Edinburgh. 

 I found it plentifully on mud walls at Naas, County of Kildare. 

 Thompson says, it seems to prevail only in the " southern half 

 of the island, and is plentiful where it does occur." He par- 

 ticularises Glanmire, near Cork, by W. H. Harvey, Esq.; Kilkee 

 Castle, near Ballitore, County of Kildare, La Bergerie, Queen's 

 County, by Mr. Patterson, of Belfast ; and at Kingstown, near 

 Dublin, by T. W. Warren, Esq. 



27. Helix pisana, pi. XVII, f. 27, 29, 33, 35, 38, and 

 58 First Ed., pi. 40, f. 27, 29, 33, 35, 38, and 58. 



Helix piscina,; Midler, Verm., II, p. 60, No. 255 ; Lamarck, 

 An. San. Vert., pt. 2nd, p. 82; Rossmassler, V, VI, p. 34, pi. 

 26, V. 259, a, b, c, d; Brown, Ency. Brit, 6th Ed., VI, p. 459; 

 Fleming, Brit. An., p. 259 ; Alder, Mag. Zool. and Bot., II, p. 

 109; Thompson, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., VI, p. 28; Helix 

 cingenda, Montagu, Test. Brit., p. 418, pi. 24, f. 4; Maton and 

 Rackett, Linn. Tr., VIII, p. 195, pi. 5, f. 6; Turton, Brit. Fau., 

 p. 188; lb., Man., p. 39, f- 30; Jeffreys, Linn. Tr., XIII, p. 

 333; Fleming, Edin. Ency., VII, p. 79; Phillippi, Enum. Moll. 

 Sic, p. 131, No. 22; Helix albana, Miiller, Verm., II, p. 25, 

 No. 226; Helix sonaria, Pennant, Brit. Zool., IV, p. 137, pi. 

 85, f. 133 ; Helix rhodostoma, Drapernaud, p. 86, pi.' 5, f. 13, 

 14, 15 ; Teba cingenda, Leach, Moll., p. 92. 



Shell subpellucid, subglobose ; body large ; spire small, con- 

 -ist'mg of four volutions, the three superior ones but little 

 elevated above the others, and terminating in an obtuse, de- 

 pressed apex ; body volution somewhat angulated, or flattened 

 above ; base well rounded, with a narrow and deep umbilicus ; 

 aperture semilunar, somewhat longer than wide; outer lip thin, 

 as well as the pillar lip, which is abruptly reflected half over the 

 umbilicus ; whole surface of a cream-white, or yellowish, with 

 several spiral bands of chestnut, or purplish-brown ; sometimes 

 these are interrupted, forming short, longitudinal, streaks or 

 dots ; base generally provided with one broad concentric band, 

 at a little distance from the umbilicus, but with two in some 

 specimens; near the aperture the colour is more or less roseate; 

 apex defined by a black spiral line. Diameter generally three- 

 quarters of an inch ; length half an inch. But is subject to a 

 considerable difference in size. 



Fig. 32 and 36, the young shell. 



A variety of this species is met with quite plain, and in some 

 specimens with only a few faint zones on the body. 



This species bears a considerable similitude to H. virgata, 

 but it is larger and broader, with a more depressed apex. 



This is one of the rarest, and most beautiful of our land 

 shells ; Montagu found it on the south of Tenby, close to the 

 sea shore, and also on the west of that place. The Rev. Thos. 

 Rackett found it at St. Ives, Cornwall, and was first discovered 

 in Ireland, near Balbriggan, on the County of Meath side of 

 the stream that divides that county from Dublin, by my friend 

 M. J. O'Kelly, Esq., of liochestowu House, County of Dublin; 



Thos. Wm. WarrenJ Esq., of Dublin, afterwards found it in the 

 same locality. Mr. Humphreys detected it on the north side 

 of the river Boyne, near Drogheda. 



28. Helix ericitorum, pi. XVII, f. 21, 23, and 34— 

 First Ed., pi. 40, f. 21, 23, and 34. 



Helix ericitorum, Miiller, Verm., II, p. 233, No. 236 ; La- 

 marck, An. San. Vert., VI, pt. 2nd, p. 84; Montagu, Test. Brit., 

 p. 436 ; Fleming, Edin. Ency., VII, p. 80 ; lb., Brit. An, p. 

 260 ; Brown, Ency. Brit., 6th Ed., p. 459 ; lb., Wernerian 

 Mem., II, p. 524; Donovan, Brit. Sh, pi. 151, f. 2; Maton and 

 Rackett, Linn. Tr. VIII, p. 194 ; Alder, Mag. Zool. and Bot., 

 II, p. 109; Rossmassler, I, p. 67, pi. 1, f. 17; Forbes, Mai. 

 Mon., p. 8 ; Thompson, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., VI, p. 30 ; 

 Turton, Brit. Fau., p. 188; lb., Man., p. 54, f. 37; Brard, p. 

 45, pi. 2, f. 8; Helix cespitum, Drapernaud, p. 109, pi. 6, f. 16; 

 Pfeifler, I, p. 39, pi. 2, f. 24, 25 ; Helix erica, Da Costa, Brit. 

 Conch., p. 53, pi. 54, f. 8 ; Helix albella, Pennant, Brit. Zool., 

 IV, p. 132, pi. 85, f. 122; Zonites ericitorum, Leach, Moll., p. 

 163. 



Shell depressed, and subpellucid; body very large; spire very 

 short, consisting of five much depressed volutions, but little 

 elevated above the body, which is remarkably inflated ; base 

 furnished with a very large and deep umbilicus, which exposes, 

 internally, nearly half of the breadth of the volutions of the 

 spire ; aperture rather longer than wide, sublunated, or nearly 

 circular ; outer lip thin, reflected, nearly uniting all round, ex- 

 cept where it is interrupted by the body on the columella; 

 whole surface covered with longitudinal, slightly concentric 

 wrinkles ; colour yellowish-white, or grayish-brown ; the supe- 

 rior portion of the body generally furnished with a brown band 

 on its upper part, which is continuous at the base of the volu- 

 tions of the spire, and defining their division ; base of the body 

 well rounded, and usually with one nearly central, concentric, 

 broad, dark brown band, and several narrower paler ones on 

 each side, varying from one to five in number. Diameter 

 three-quarters of an inch, and sometimes more ; height a little 

 more than a quarter. 



This species is subject to considerable variations in its 

 colouration ; sometimes quite white, which was considered by 

 Hartmann as a distinct species, and described under the name 

 of H. obliterata ; sometimes the bands are continuous, and at 

 others interrupted in a catinated manner. It is also liable to 

 vary in size; in some instances little more than half the dimen- 

 sions of our figures. Mr. Jeffreys, in the Linmcan Transactions, 

 XIII, p. 339, describes a variety found in Iona, one of the 

 Western Islands of Scotland, which has a more produced spire 

 than the ordinary form. 



Helix elegans, Brown, Wernerian Mem., II, p. 528, pi. 24, 

 f. 9 ; Carocolla elegans, Brown, 1st Ed., pi. 40, f. 28; Helix 

 disjuncta, Turton, Conch. Diet., p. 61, f. 63. 



This remarkable turns, pi. XVII, f. 28, was found near 

 Golden Bridge, Dublin, by Mr. Edward Stephens, and is in the 

 cabinet of my old and respected friend M. J. O'Kelly, Esq., of 

 Rochestown House, County of Dublin, where I again saw it in 

 August, 1841. 



The H. ericitorum is a widely diffused species throughout 

 the South of England and the Isle of Man, and appears to 

 abound all over Ireland and its adjacent islands. A favourite 

 resort seems to be the marine sand banks around the coast, and 



