Involute.] 



MOLLUSCA. 



is also common in many inland situations. Mr. Thompson 

 mentions having found a specimen nine lines in circumference 

 at Portarlington, where I likewise met with large and beautiful 

 specimens. Thompson also adds, "As an exception to the 

 more ordinary places of its occurrence, may be mentioned the 

 ruins of Dunluce Castle, situated on the summit of an insu- 

 lated mass of rocks, considerably elevated above the sea." 



Sub-Genus 6 Verticillatx, — Ferussac. 



Shells striated, and varied in colour. 

 29. Helix rotundata, pi. XVII, f. 14, 18, 19, 20, and 

 24^-First Ed., pi. 40, i. 14, 18, 19, 20, and 24. 



Helix rotundata, Miiller, Verm., II, p. 29, No. 231 ; Dra- 

 pernaud, p. 114, pi. 8, f. 4 ; Brard, p. 51, pi. 2, f. 10, 11 ; 

 Pfeiffer, I, p. 44, pi. 2, f. 33, 34 ; Rossmassler, VII, p. 13, pi. 

 32, f. 454 ; Fleming, Brit. An., p. 263 ; Alder, Mag. Zool. and 

 Bot., II, p. 109; Jeffreys, Linn. Tr., XIII, p. 342; Forbes, 

 Mai. Mon., p. 8 ; Thompson, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., VI, p. 

 30 ; Helix radiata, Montagu, Test. Brit., p. 432, pi. 24, f. 3 ; 

 Da Costa, Brit. Conch., p. 57, pi. 4, f. 15, 16; Brown, Wer- 

 nerian Mem., II, p. 525 ; Fleming, Edin. Ency., VII, p. 80 ; 

 Maton and Raekett, Linn. Tr., VIII, p. 199; Turton, Man., p. 

 59; Zonites radiatus, Leach, Moll., p. 102. 

 Variety 1. Spire depressed. 



Helix Turtoni, Fleming, Brit. An., p. 260 ; Helix albella, 

 Nilsson, p. 30. 



Variety 2, pi. XVII, f. 14 and 20. Pale, nearly colourless, 

 semitransparent, and destitute of rays. 



Shell with the spire depressed, consisting of five rather flat- 

 tened, but well defined volutions ; body rounded, with a sub- 

 carinated zone round its centre; base convex, with a very large 

 and deep umbilicus, exhibiting all the superior volutions inter- 

 nally ; aperture semilunar ; outer lip thin, and not reflected ; 

 whole surface of a light brown colour, and diagonally rayed 

 with chestnut; and with strong, longitudinally oblique, regular, 

 close-set striae. Diameter a little more than a quarter of an 

 inch. 



This shell is found all over Great Britain and Ireland, on old 

 walls, dry mud banks, and under stones in woody situations. 



Mr. Thompson mentions having found a specimen at Shane's 

 Castle Park, County of Antrim, whose height and diameter 

 were equal, and procured two of the crystalline variety at 

 Holywood House, County of Down. 

 30. Helix pygm^ea, pi. XVIII, f. 48, 49. 

 Helix pygmtea, Drapernaud, p. 114, pi. 8, f. 8, 9, 10, No. 

 51 ; Ferussac, Prod., No. 200; Gray, Med. Rep., 1821, p. 239; 

 Turton, Man., p. 61, f. 46, No. 46 ; Pfeiffer, III, p. 21, pi. 4, 

 f. 20, 21 ; Nilsson, Sacc, p. 32; Jeffreys, Linn. Tr., XVI, p. 

 343; Rossmassler, VIII, p. 37, pi. 39, f. 532; Alder, Mag. 

 Zool. and Bot., II, p. 109 ; Thompson, Ann. and Mag. Nat. 

 Hist., VI, p. 31; Helix Kirbii, Sheppard, Linn. Trans, XVI, 

 p. 162; Jeffreys, Linn. Tr., XIII, p. 512. 



Shell subdiaphanous, with the body large ; spire very small, 

 consisting of three rapidly, well defined, diminishing volutions, 

 terminating in a subobtuse apex ; aperture roundish, subluni- 

 form, width and length equal; outer lip thin, but not reflected; 

 of a horn-colour, with very slight longitudinal stria: ; umbilicus 



:.! 



Diameter about the fifteenth of 



p. 434, pi. 13, f. 2; 

 20; Fleming, Brit. 



rather large ; base rounded, 

 an inch. 



A local species in Britain, inhabiting shaded and moist locali- 

 ties, lurking under stones and fallen leaves, and has been met 

 with near Clare, in Suffolk ; at Devizes, Wiltshire ; and near 

 Wylam and at Twizil House, Northumberland. We found it 

 in Rosslyn Glen, County of Mid Lothian, and Thompson says 

 it locates at Ballantrae, Ayrshire. Mr. Thompson informs us 

 that it is "indigenous to the more northern two-thirds of Ire- 

 land, from east to west." He particularises the Counties of 

 Down, Antrim, Clare, and Queen's County. 



It differs from the following species, in being more depressed 

 and transparent. 



31. Helix umbilicata, pi. XVII, f. 30, 31 — First Ed., 

 pi. 40, f. 30, 31. 



Helix umbilicata, Montagu, Test. Brit., 

 Maton and Raekett, Linn. Tr., VIII, p. 

 An., p. 262 ; lb., Ency. Brit., VII, p. 80; Brown, Ency. Brit., 

 6th Ed., VI, p. 458 ; lb., Wemerian Mem., II, p. 525 ; Tur- 

 ton, Brit. Fau., p. 189; Thompson, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 

 VI, p. 31 ; Helix rupestris, Drapernaud, p. 82, pi. 8, f. 7, 8, 9; 

 Ferussac, Prod., No. 201, pi. 80, f. 2, 3 ; Pfeiffer, III, p. 22, 

 pi. 4, f. 22 ; Turton, Man., p. 60, f. 45 ; Forbes, Mai. Mon., p. 

 8 ; Alder, Mag. Zool. and Bot., II, p. 109, No. 30 ; Zonites 

 rupestris, Leach, Moll., p. 103. 



Shell subpellucid, of a dark burnt umber-brown colour; body 

 large ; spire of medium length, consisting of four much inflated 

 volutions, deeply divided by the sutural line, and terminating in 

 a moderately produced apex; whole shell covered by very fine, 

 longitudinal stria? ; aperture nearly circular ; outer lip thin, and 

 not reflected ; base rounded and inflated, with a very large and 

 deep umbilicus, exposing the inside of the volutions of the 

 spire. Diameter at the base one-tenth of an inch ; height not 

 quite so much. 



This shell has much the aspect of the preceding, but will be 

 readily recognised by its superior size, being a third larger than 

 that of the latter. It is rather local in Britain. It frequents 

 high rocky situations, lurking in crevices, of dry and old walls, 

 and under stones. Montagu says, " it is remarkable that this 

 shell always affects such lofty places as the tops of houses, with- 

 out one being found near the base ; and in that situation its 

 inhabitant braves equally the scorching beams of the sun in 

 summer, and the frigid winds of winter, without attempting to 

 descend." Thompson remarks that it is generally distributed 

 throughout the southern three-fourths of Ireland, more parti- 

 cularly over the great limestone belt which traverses the coun- 

 try. I met with it first in Ireland, in the crevices of a mossy 

 stone, at Clonooney Barracks, King's County. Forbes gives its 

 habitat on walls, near Douglas, Isle of Man. 



Sub-Genus 7 Hyalinje. — Ferussac. 



Shell diaphanous, glabrous, hyaline, and shining. 

 32. Helix cellaria, pi. XVII, f. 59, 60 — First Ed., pi. 

 40, f. 59, 60. 



Helix cellaria, Miiller, Verm., II, p. 28, No. 280; Lamarck, 

 An. San. Vert., VI, pt. 2nd, p. 91, No. 96; Pfeiffer, I, p. 42, 

 pi. 2, f. 29, 30; Rossmassler, I, p. 70, pi. 1, f. 22; lb., VII, 



