GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY. 65 
along the sides of the one already formed. A continual repetition of this process 
completes the shell as we now find it fossilized in our limestone. 
As I have taken issue in this paper with some eminent naturalists regarding 
the compound life of a rhizopod, it is right that Ishould give reasons for so doing. 
Dana says ‘‘the cells of rhizopods are each occupied by a separate animal.’’ 
While it is possible for this to be the case with some species of rhizopods, it is 
impossible with the Fusulina, for an independent animal occupying the central 
cells would have access to neither food nor oxygen, after being enclosed by the 
outer portions of the shell. The possession of the trough-like siphuncle indi- 
cates the flowing of matter from chamber to chamber along this course, as also 
do the thickened ends and rounded corners of the septa where cut by this 
3 trough. We know that an irritation 
of the bodies of conchiferous animals 
produces an increase in the calcare- 
ous secretions at tne point irritated. 
Then the increased thickness and 
rounded corners of the septa where 
cut by the stolon passage may point 
to an irritation of the Fusulina at 
these points, which could only come 
by a flowing of the protoplasm 
through the involute sinus. Only by 
a system of circulation through the 
openings in the septa can an ameboid 
animal secure the essential food and 
oxygen to maintain life while inhab- 
iting the recesses of a chambered 
shell like the Fusulina cylindrica. 
EXPLANATION OF FIGURES. 
Figure 1, in the accompanying plate, represents Fusulina cylindrica magni- 
fied six diameters. 
Figure 2 represents the same with a small portion of the outer surface broken 
away, exposing a portion of the involute sinus and the openings in the exposed 
ends of the chambers. 
Figure 3 shows a Fusulina magnified twelve diameters, with the outer walls 
of the chambers removed from one-half of the shell. 
Figure 4 is the same cut in half, showing a diagram of the internal coils and 
the central chamber. = 
NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN THE MENTOR BEDS. 
BY A. W. JONES, SALINA, 
Read before the Academy October 27, 1897. 
Since the last meeting of the Academy of Science I have found the Mentor 
in several more localities in Saline county, and have collected quite a number of 
fossils, a series of which I have submitted to Prof. T. W. Stanton, of the United 
States Geological Survey, for determination, and asa result fourteen species have 
been added to the list previously given by Professors Cragin and Mudge, making 
the number of species from the Mentor now thirty-nine, and I think I still have 
two or three undetermined species on hand. Of this number nine appear to be 
—) 
