82 KANSAS ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. 
Allorisma granosa (Shumard) Meek, rr. 
Allorisma topekaensis Swallow, c. 
Schizodus curtus Meek and Worthen, rr. 
Nucula ventricosa Hall, rr. 
Pinna peracuta Shumard, rr. 
Bellerophon sp., rr. 
Euomphalus (Straparollus) subrugosus Hall, r. 
Bellerophon carbonarius Cox, r. 
Pleurotomaria subdecussata Geinitz, rr. 
Nautilus occidentalis Swallow ?, rr. 
Cythere sp., aa. 
The general direction of the escarpment of the Burlingame limestone is north- 
east from Martin’s hill, five miles west of Topeka, to near Meriden, where it turns 
north for about ten miles, to the latitude of Valley Falls. AtCedar Falls, two 
and a half miles west and a little north of Valley Falls, the Burlingame limestone 
caps the bluff. One hundred and twenty feet below the limestone (barometric 
measurement) the second limestone above the Osage coal appears in the bed of 
the creek, forming the falls, which are about four feet high. Nearly beneath the 
bridge the water runs over what appears to be the cap rock of the Osage coal, 
five or six feet below the falls. The Osage coal is mined just southeast of the 
bridge, about half a mile, and also northeast of Valley Falls, on the east side of 
the Delaware river. The base of the dam at Valley Falls is said to be on a lime- 
stone, which is probably one of the upper members of the Topeka system. By 
barometric measurement, it is fifty-five feet below the coal mentioned near Cedar 
Falls. 
The Burlingame limestone appears east of the Delaware river near Valley 
Falls, in the divide between the heads of Spring, Crooked, and Walnut creeks, 
upon which the town of Winchester is situated. From here its most eastern ex- 
tension passes nearly due north to the Nebraska line, bending to the westward 
before entering the valley of the Great Nemaha river, and passing out of the state. 
After passing north from Larkin the escarpment becomes invisible and the 
exposures very meager and rare. In addition to this, the lower member of the 
limestone, if I am not mistaken, separates from those above by the thickening of 
the shale between and changes somewhat in appearance, becoming more of a 
buff color and Fusulina secalica becomes abundant. There is a quarry of this 
lower stratum just east of the Horton water-works, and on the road running east 
from the center of the city it is exposed in the ravines between there and Ever- 
est, and probably extends along the Everest divide for six or seven miles to the 
east of that place, and then falls back west of Robinson in crossing Wolf river. 
Coming back on the north side of Wolf river, it is in the hill north of Robinson at 
the Robinson schoolhouse and is quarried in several places near there. One of 
the best exposures of this neighborhood is seen three miles to the northeast on 
the side of the road, in a ravine running south. There is quite a quarry situated 
there, and beneath and south of the quarry on the west side of the ravine is an 
exposure of about fifteen feet of olive, blue and black shales, including a thin ~ 
stratum of limestone, which is composed for the most part of fossil mushroom- 
shaped organisms of considerable size. Beneath these there is a foot or more of 
impure limestone. 
Coal has been mined at Robinson, in the creek bed. It is considerably below _ 
the limestone at the schoolhouse. The upper part of the exposure at the creek 
is composed of sandy shales and crumbly sandstone, beneath which the coal lies 
generally hidden. 
