ZOOLOGY, ETC. 249 
upper austral zone. Reported to Colonel Goss in the spring of 1883, by Dr. Geo. 
Lisle, as occurring near Chetopa. Observed by Doctor Watson at Ellis, March 
26, 1885. Goss, 1883. 
54. 190. Botaurus lentiginosus (Montag.) American Bittern. Summer 
resident; not uncommon. Ranges over all of temperate and tropical North 
America. Breeds in marshes and swamps, nesting on the ground. Snow, 1872. 
55. 191. Ardetta exilis (Gmel.) Least Bittern. Summer resident; not 
rare. Ranges over all of temperate North America and tropical America south to 
Brazil. Nests in dense swamps. Snow, 1872. 
56. 194. Ardea herodias(Linn.) Great Blue Heron. Summer resident; com- 
mon along our streams. Ranges over all of North America except the treeless 
regions. Builds its nest in trees, usually in communities. Snow, 1872. 
57. 196. Ardea egretta(Gmel.) American Egret. A summer visitor; not 
rare. Ranges from the British provinces in the north to Chili in the south. 
Breeds in the United States chiefly in the lower austral zone. Young birds in 
July and August wander up our rivers further north, but they soon retire to their 
tropical winter home. Baird, 1858. 
58. 197. Ardea candidissima (Gmel.) Snowy Heron. A summer visitor: 
not rare. Arrive from the south in July and August and stay but a short time. 
Nest chiefly in the warmer parts of North America, the summer visitors at the 
north being flocks containing mostly young birds in first plumage. First taken 
by E. U. Prentice, at Topeka, August 15, 1872. Reported by Snow, 1873. 
59. 200. Ardea cerulea Linn. Little Blue Heron. A summer visitor: 
rare. After nesting in tropical and lower austral zones, the families, old and 
young together, often wander northward for a short time. They are very rare 
west of the Mississippi valley. First taken in Kansas by Colonel Goss, at Neosho 
Falls, and reported by Snow, 1875. 
60. 201. Ardea virescens (Linn.) Green Heron. Summer resident: com- 
mon. Their summer range seems to extend to most parts of the northern United 
States and into southern Canada. They winter in the Southern states and 
southward. Baird, 1858. 
61. 202. Nycticorax nycticorax nevius (Bodd.) Black-crowned Night 
Heron. Summer resident; not very common because the state has few marshy 
districts suitable for their feeding-grounds. They range over nearly the whole 
of America, except the arctic regions, and breed in their favorite haunts through- 
out their United States range. Snow, 1872. 
62. 203. Nycticorax violaceus (Linn.) Yellow-crowned Night Heron. Sum- 
mer resident; rare. Range over tropical and subtropical America. Breed north- 
ward to about 40° north latitude and wander casually further north. Taken by 
Colonel Goss, April 17, 1878, and reported by Professor Snow, 1878. 
63. 204. Grus americana (Linn.) Whooping Crane. Migratory; irregular, 
but usually rare. They were much more abundant before the settlement of the 
state. Its range is east of the Rocky mountains and mostly in the great interior 
valley. Breeds from latitude 40 north to Great Slave lake. Gregg, 1844. Abert, 
1848. 
64. 205. Grus canadensis (Linn.) Little Brown Crane. Migratory: rather 
common. Ranges and breeds farther north than the last species, and is more 
frequent nearer the coast. Goss, 1890. 
