LAND MAMMALS OF THE CLYDR FAUNAL AREA. 185 



surface deposits in the heart of the city of Glasgow (High 

 Street), aud at Gorbals, PoUokshaws, Dumbuck (Dumbarton- 

 shire), Ardrossan Shell-mound, Lochlee Crannog, and Kirkoswald 

 (Ayrshire). — See Transactions of the Geological Society of 

 Glasgow, II., 1867, pp. 152-3, and VI., 1882, p. 283, and Mr. 

 John Smith's Pre-historic Man in Ayrshire, 1895, pp. 26, 67, and 

 148. "Bones of the ox" have been obtained from Tor Castle 

 (John M'Arthur's Antiquities of Arran, 1861, p. 81 j, and from 

 cairns excavated Vjy Drs. E. Duncan and T. H. Bryce at Torlin 

 and Clachaig, Arran, since 1896, but the species is not de- 

 termined. 



Family Gervida:. 



36. Cervus elaphus, L. — Red Deer. Remains have been 

 found in surface deposits which belong to what seems to have 

 been a large form of this species — such are the antlers with 

 about twenty points from a moss at West Kilbride, now in the 

 Huuterian Museum, Glasgow University. From our Lowland 

 district the Red Deer has long since disappeared, and also from 

 the hill countiy of Lanarkshire and Ayrshire, although " a stray 

 animal of this species was said to have been seen upon the 

 hills of Lamingtoune about fifteen years ago " (new Statistical 

 Account, 1845). Not much more than this can now be said 

 even of our Highland area, with the exception of its northern 

 fringes and of Arran. The Arrochar shootings include Red 

 Deer limited to six stags each season, and there are 

 reports that a certain secluded area in Dumbartonshire 

 is being converted into a deer forest. The portion of Argyll- 

 shire in " Clyde " does not contain any forest, although it 

 doubtless harbours many Red Deer. The southern limit of the 

 species in Scotland is the island of Arran, whose hills and glens 

 afford favourable quarters and yield heavy stags. One scaling 

 20| stones and another 19 stones were killed in 1898. It is an 

 old inhabitant of the island, as bones were found in excavating 

 the mound at Tor Castle, and in 1578 Bishop Leslie spoke of 

 the Arran deer as a " mervellous multitude." Martin (circa 

 1697) gave the number as about 400; Pennant (1772) foimd the 

 "stags reduced to about a dozen; " previous to 1845 the Deer 

 were down to a few dozens (new Statistical Account); in 1859 

 there was an importation of fresh blood from the mainland 



