48 CYPERACEAi 
and straight. Very rare. Bogs and marshes in Scotland, where it flowers 
in July and August. 
31. Slender-spiked Sedge (C. avzta).—Spikelets long and slender, the 
lower ones frequently barren at the top; bracts very long, leafy, frequently 
over-topping the stem ; auricles lengthened, pale. A large species from 2—3 
feet high, with broad flat leaves, which are inserted in three rows, and stout 
stems, which are acutely triangular and rough. The fertile spikelets are very 
long, and droop. Frequent in marshes and moist pastures, where it flowers 
in May. 
32. Tufted Bog Sedge (C. cwspitiésa).—Spikelets cylindrical, the lower 
ones often barren at the top ; lower bract leafy, not longer than the spikelet ; 
auricles long, pale. Marshes, local, south of the Clyde, and in Ireland. 
Approaching the last, but growing in more decided tufts; the leaves, too, 
are narrower, and have a glaucous hue. It grows from 2—3 feet high, and 
flowers in April and May. Known also as C. stricta. 
33. Russet Sedge (C. saxdtilis).—Fertile spikelets ovate, obtuse, the 
lower one stalked: bracts leafy ; fruit inflated, spreading, beaked. A dis- 
tinct species, well marked by the above characters, as well as by its trian- 
gular, pointed leaves, and very dark fruit. Rare, near springs on the 
Scottish mountains, northwards of Ben Lomond, at altitudes between 2,500 
and 3,300 feet. It attains the height of a foot or more, flowering in June. 
Hooker regards it as a sub-species of C. vesicaria. 
34. Cord-rooted Sedge (C. chordorrhiza).—Spikelets crowded in an 
ovate head, barren above ; fruit ovate, swollen, smooth and shining, yellowish 
with brown ribs, ending in a two-pointed beak ; nut pale yellow, dotted, and 
with slender beak almost as long as the nut. This rare species has recently 
been found by the Rev. E. 8. Marshall, F.L.S., and Mr. Shoolbred in wet 
peat-bogs at Altnaharra, in West Sutherland, where it grew half buried in 
Sphagnum-moss. It has very long and wiry underground stems, which send 
up leafy branches and flowering stems at intervals, and these attain the 
height of six inches or a foot. The bright green flat leaves are smooth 
and stiff. 
* * Stigmas 3; fruit smooth , fertile spikelets short, sessile, or nearly so. 
35. Pale Sedge (C. palléscens).—Fertile spikelets 2—3, oblong, the 
lowest stalked, slightly pendulous; bracts leafy, slightly sheathing at the 
base; fruit obovate, obtuse, tipped by the base of the withered style. A 
slender species, a foot or more high, well marked by its pale hue and blunt 
fruit. Common in marshy woods, and flowering in June. 
36. Long Bracteated Sedge (C. caténsw).—Fertile spikelets roundish, 
oblong ; glumes terminating in a sharp point; bracts very long, leafy ; fruit 
beaked; leaves very narrow. Marshes near the sea, rare; flowering in 
June. 
* * * Stigmas 3; fruit smooth ; fertile spikelets stalked, erect. 
37. Yellow Sedge (C. jléva).—Bracts very long, leaf-like, sheathing the 
stalks of the fertile spikelets, and giving them the appearance of being 
sessile; fertile spikelets distant; fruit swollen, spreading, with a long 
