LYCOPODIACEAt—CLUB-MOSSES 159 
term it Natterziinglein ; and it is also the Adderstong of the Dutch; the 
_ Lingua serpentina of the Italians ; and the Liketunga of the Swedes. 
2. Lesser Adder’s-tongue (0. lusiténicum).—Barren frond linear, or 
linear-lanceolate ; fertile frond club-shaped. This is a little plant, very 
much resembling the Common Adder’s-tongue in miniature, having the spike 
produced from among its bright-green tiny leaves in the same manner, but 
not exceeding altogether two or three inches in height. It had long been 
known to botanists as a native of Southern Europe, but it was discovered in 
the year 1854 to be wild in Guernsey. Mr. George Wolsey then found it 
among the short herbage of some rocks not far from Petit Bot Bay, on the 
south coast of the island. It has since been found in Guernsey growing wild 
in meadows, its fronds being in perfection in the latter part of January. 
Hooker regards it as a sub-species of O. vulgatum, but its several divergences 
from that form induce others to regard it as specifically distinct. The root- 
stock is more tuberous, the blade of the frond more lance-shaped and much 
narrower, and the spores are smooth, whilst those of 0. vulgatum are rough 
with tubercles. It cannot be regarded as a local form, for it is found in 
twenty other countries. 3 
Order CIII. LYCOPODIACEAX—_CLUB-MOSSES. 
This order consists of flowerless evergreen plants, with simple, veinless, 
usually taper-pointed leaves, with their capsules seated in the angle formed 
by the leaf and the stem, or raised in spikes at the top of the stem. The 
capsules are destitute of a ring, and are 2 or 3-valved. 
CiuB-moss (Lycopdédium).—Capsules 1-celled, 2-valved, containing minute 
spores (microspores) ; or 3-valved, enclosing a few large spores (macrospores) ; 
stems rigid, clothed with short leaves. JL. selaginoides is by some authors 
placed in the genus Selaginella, which with Jsoetes constitutes the order 
Selaginellacee. Name from lycos, a wolf, and pous, a foot, from a fancied 
resemblance of the branches to the paw of a beast. 
1. CLuB-mMoss (Lycopédium). 
1. Common Club-moss, Stag’s-horn-moss, Fox-tail, Wolf’s- 
claw (L. clavétum).—Leaves scattered, linear, curved inwards, hair pointed ; 
spikes stalked, two or three together ; scales egg-shaped, somewhat triangular, 
serrated. This Club-moss is the commonest of all the species. It occurs in 
abundance on moors and bogs, and on most of the mountains in the north of 
England, Wales, and Scotland. It is found in similar places in many of the 
northern parts of Europe and Asia, and from Canada to Pennsylvania, in 
America. It is a fine-looking plant, having creeping stems some feet in 
length, and bearing many branches, which are at first a little raised from the 
ground, but which soon become prostrate. It is sometimes very luxuriant, 
and Mr. Newman mentions having frequently found plants on a hill near 
Farnham, in Surrey, measuring ten or twelve yards in circumference. Its 
stems are attached to the soil, at every part where they touch it, by scattered 
yellowish roots, and its branches cross each other, so as to forma large green 
network over the soil; hence the Swedes call the plant Matte-grass. 
