114 RISEN. [Vol. XV 1 1 . 



Fig. 96. Spermatocyte in the beginning of the F-stage. Half of the spindle 

 has been cut off. There are three accessory archosomes at the upper pole, one 

 of which probably has the function of a spindle archosome. The plasmosphere 

 is scattered in the equator. The archosomes at the pole have a remarkable simi- 

 larity to the expelled archosomes figured elsewhere (Fig. 85). 



Fig. 97. Spermatocyte in the beginning of the F'-stage, or the end of the 

 knotted chromosomes. The central spindle is finished, but the chromosomes are 

 not yet in position. The plasmosphere is in the equator. The accessory archo- 

 somes lie in a ring around the poles of the spindle. 



Fig. 98. Spermatocyte in the F-stage just before the beginning of the meta- 

 phase. The chromosomes in the form of perfect F's, which, however, are not 

 yet distributed' along the spindle. The mantle fibers are connected with the 

 granules of the plasmosphere. An archosome at each pole, also a large accessory 

 archosome vrith an amoeboid centrosphere. Contractile fibers are forming and 

 projecting from the centrosphere of the archosomes. 



Fig. 99. Spermatocyte in the perfect F'-metaphase. The contractile fibers are 

 formed and connect with the chromosomes. An archosome at the upper pole ; 

 the lower pole is cut off. A trace of the plasmosphere to the left of the equator. 

 Only a few of the chromosomes are figured. 



Fig. too. Spermatocyte in the perfect F-metaphase. Only a few of the chro- 

 mosomes are figured. The chromosomes are splitting at the bottom or angle of 

 the V. An archosome at each pole surrounded by a pale centrosphere. The 

 contractile fibers are plainly beaded. Blotches of plasmosphere stained pink. 

 Many chromioles are seen in the chromosomes. 



Fig. ioi. Spermatocyte in the perfect metaphase; some of the chromosomes 

 are separating, while others are not yet in their proper position on the central 

 spindle. Several larger groups of plasmospheres along the equator. An archo- 

 some at each pole, surrounded by several accessory archosomes, each one with 

 developed centrosphere. 



Fig. 102. Spermatocyte in the beginning of the anaphase. An archosome at 

 each pole, and a few accessory archosomes in the cytoplasm. Chromomeres and 

 chromioles visible in the chromosomes. 



Fig. 103. Spermatocyte in the perfect F-anaphase. The chromosomes have 

 separated, the chromomeres have mostly disappeared, but the chromioles are yet 

 distinct, and arranged in two parallel rows in each chromosome. The plasmo- 

 sphere is scattered along the equator of the contracting spindle. The mantle 

 fibers are seen to be connected with the plasmospheric granules. An archosome 

 at each pole. 



Fig. 104. Spermatocyte in the beginning of the confluent stage of the ana- 

 phase. The contractile fibers have shortened and the chromosomes have become 

 partly confluent. The chromomeres have disappeared, but the chromioles can 

 yet be distinguished here and there. Parts of the plasmosphere along the 

 equator. 



Fig. 105. Spermatocyte in the beginning of the confluent stage of the ana- 

 phase. The cell has already begun to divide and a new membrane is being 

 secreted along the vacuolated equator by the plasmospheric granules. The polar 

 cones of the central spindle have so shortened as to be hardly distinct. The 

 archosomes are reduced in size and barely visible. A few of the chromioles are 

 distinct in the chromosomes. 



