( iv ) 



But.!.), yielded a similar smell of musty straw, accompanied iu 

 this case by an evanescent sharp or pungent scent like that of 

 vinegar. A considerable amount of yellow juice, which seemed 

 to be tasteless, was exuded by one male specimen. TJie 

 characteristic smell adhered to the fingers after crushing a 

 female specimen, though in this instance no fluid was seen. 

 In regard to A. echeria, Mr. Marshall remarks that in the few 

 specimens that he tried, no juice was emitted ; but they had a 

 nauseous taste and a strong smell which reminded him some- 

 what of that emitted by many Coccinellidvc. Dr. Longstaff 

 observed the musty smell and the transient pungent odour in 

 both sexes ; the latter he compares to acetylene. One female 

 was noted by bim as possessing *a disagx^eeable odour like 

 some animal.' 



" The scent in both sexes of Limnas chrysipyms, Linn. , in- 

 variably appeared to me to be of a strong and disagreeable 

 nature, like that of cockroaches, often stronger in the female. 

 The odour of the male seemed to contain an additional con- 

 stituent, Avhich I am inclined to compare to the perfume of 

 burnt almonds. I found no increase of the scent when the 

 glands of the hind-wing were crushed with the forceps. Dr. 

 Longstaff noted a disagreeable odour in both sexes — stronger 

 in the female — which he likens to that of musk-rats or cock- 

 roaches. The excised glands of the male yielded on pressure 

 a yellow or brown juice, without perceptible taste or odour. 

 (For his impressions of L. chrysip'pus in India see Trans. Ent. 

 Soc. Lond., 1905, pp. 87, 89, 108, 137.) That great individual 

 differences exist in the appreciation of these scents appears 

 from Mr. Marshall's statement that in his experience L. 

 chrysif'pus emits no smell. 



" A specimen of Charaxes varanes, Cram. S , on being 

 squeezed, emitted an odourless yellow juice. Another was 

 noted by Dr. Longstaff as having a ' treacly ' odour. A female 

 was thought by him to have a smell like cowdung. To me the 

 scent of the same specimen I'ecalled that of L. chrysipjms. 



" Salamis anacardii, Linn., has an animal-like scent which 

 to Dr. Longstaff suggests the odour of rabbit-hutches. It 

 appears to be stronger in the female. This may be compai'ed 

 with Wood-Mason's statement that the females of Papilio 



