150 Dr. T. A. Chapman's Ohservations on 



ensconced amongst the leaf-buds of the central rosette. 

 These notes refer frequently to the young larva3 (1st and 

 2nd instars) eating especially the glands, the leaves them- 

 selves being attacked only by the older ones (3rd and 4th 

 instars). It is also noted that the larva? eat their cast 

 skins. As to one larva it is noted as very green and 

 yellow, with no red except the dorsal tubercles, and that it 

 was on a rather pale plant of Droscra surrounded by plenty 

 of Sphagnum. And the identity of their schemes of colour 

 with that of the plants or leaves they were on, is several 

 times referred to. 



Pupa of T. paludum. 



The larva seeks for pupation a bit of slender upright stem, the 

 ideal position possibly being the dead stem of last year flowers ; a 

 slender bit of heath will serve, one of mine pupated on the under-side 

 of a leaf of Drosera, and Mr. South met with one that pupated across 

 the centre of the food-plant. But a bit of dead grass-like stem is 

 what the larva prefers ; no fewer than three selected the only piece 

 of this material in one of my tins, and a fourth fixed itself at its base, 

 being crowded off by the previous tenants. Of six in this tin, the 

 two others selected slender stems of heath. The larva will take a 

 horizontal position and does not much mind which side it is up, but 

 appears to prefer one with dorsum upwards. When it obtains its 

 pupal position on a vertical stem, it always fixes itself head 

 downwards. 



The change before pupation in the larval colour is very marked, 

 the whole larva becoming green except the hump of I and II, which 

 assumes a conspicuous dark rosy-pink. For some time after pupa- 

 tion the pupa has the same coloration, the pink eminence being very 

 conspicuous and ornamental in the green pupa ; gradually however 

 the colours change, the pink fades and the rest of the pupa, remaining 

 green, acquires an overshading of faint ruddy brown, disjjosed, 

 roughly speaking, in longitudinal bands ; in one of these the 

 tubercles I and II still present a slightly darker shade but in only 

 one or two cases at all decidedly so. 



The length of the pupa is 6'7 mm. width, thorax TS, abdomen 

 \% 1 mm. about 5th abdominal, the $ apparently a little shorter 

 and thicker. The thickness is much the same to nearly the end of 

 5th abdominal segment (and wing cases), whence it (in 2mm.) tapers 

 regulaily to a rather fine j^oint, at least it does as seen sideways, and, 

 seen dorsally the thorax is wider than the following segments andth 



