314 Explanation of Plates. 



Fig. 2. PapiUo dardanus, sub-sp. polytrophus, 5 f. hippocoon : data 

 as in Fig. 1, excejit tliat the specimen was captured 

 September — October 1900. Although far more specialized 

 by mimicry of the black and white Amauris niaviust 

 form dominicanvs, the origin of the pattern from that of 

 the trimeni form (Fig. 1) is clear and simple. It is 

 accompanied by a change of the pale markings from 

 yellow to white. 



3. PapiUo dardanus, sub-sp. polytrophus, 9 ^ • cenea : data as 



in Fig. 2. This form is far more specialized, viz. further 

 from the ancestral pattern still borne by the male insect 

 (Plate XVII, Figs. 1-6), than the hippocoon (Fig. 2). At 

 the same time it is by no means difficult to trace the 

 independent origin of the eenea from the trimeni form 

 by the spreading of the black groiind colour. 



4. Pa^i^io (ZarcZamts, sub-sp. merope, 5 f.pktnemoicZes, partially 



gynandromorphic on the left side. The male influence 

 is not only seen in the conspicuous patches and streaks 

 of pale yellow scales on both fore- and hind-wing, but 

 also in the traces of the three submarginal black patches 

 on the hind-wing (compare Plate XVII, Fig. 1). These 

 are inconspicuous because placed on a dark ground ; but 

 they can be at once recognized by com.paring the left 

 with the right hind-wing which exhibits no trace of 

 gynandromorphism. The pale markings on the right fore- 

 wing were caused by accidental injury and are in no waj' 

 comparable with the apj^earance on the left side due 

 to the existence of yellow scales like those of the male. 

 This interesting specimen was collected by Mr. T. T. 

 Behrcns, R.E., in Buddu, on the west shore of Lake 

 Victoria, Nyanza, between Entebbe and the mouth of the 

 Kageru River : December 3, 1902— March 1, 1903, 



