166 THE ANNELIDES. ^ 155. 



testine, receives the excretory ducts of glandular appendages and is there- 

 fore, more ))roperlj a stomach than an oesophagus. ''"' With many, the 

 stomach and its appendages are wanting, but then the entire canal stretch- 

 ing directly across the cavity of the body has on both sides long analogous 

 appendages which sometimes consist of dilated sacs, so that these append- 

 ages have wholly the aspect of caeca. '■^'^' 



///. Glandular Appendages. 



^§ 155. 



The glands appended to the digestive canal of the Annelides may be di- 

 vided into the salivary and iiepatic organs. The first of these are some- 

 times absent, but the last are never wanting. 



The organs regarded as salivary glands are attached either to the pha- 

 rynx or to the beginning of the intestinal canal. With the Nemertini, 

 they are absent. But with Sa7iguisuga, as abdominal salivary glands, 

 may be regarded the many groups of round corpuscles which surround the 

 commencement of the intestine, and whose excretory ducts open into it by 

 many orifices, after anastomosing together.'^* With Lumbricus, there is 

 a long lobular body on each side of the pharyngeal tube which secretes a 

 whitish liquid, and which is analogous perhaps to an oral salivary gland. ^^ 

 The four pairs of transparent vesicles, which, with Enchytraeus, open at 

 the inferior extremity of the oesophagus, are possibly of the same nature.*'* 

 With Sipkonostoimim, there are two riband-like caeca which pass along the 

 oesophagus and open separately into the oral cavity. ^^* With many Dorsi- 

 branchiati, the commencement of the intestine has two glands of probably 

 a pancreatic nature.''' It is difficult to decide as to the hepatic or sali- 

 vary nature of the numerous and usually white appendages, which belong 

 to both sides of the whole alimentary canal of the Aphroditae. With Pol- 

 yno'e, these consist of six cylindrical, caecal, and sometimes bifid tubes, 

 lying between the muscles of the walls of the body.'"' 



With Aphrodite hystrix, there are twenty of these tubes on each side 



18 Nereis ; see Rathki, De Bopyro et Nereide p. 4 Rathke, Dauzis;. Sclirift. loc. cit. p. 87, Taf. V. 



35, Taf. II. flg. 7, 8. fig- 5, c. c. 



l? Wil\\ Aphrodite hystrix, anA aculeata, the a Wfith Nereis, these two salivary glands cotn- 



intestiiie has on each side twenty glandular append- municate by two narrow ducts with that portion of 



ages with long peduncles. In this last species, the intestinal canal which should be regarded as a 



these aiipendages are caeca also, for they have at stomach ; see Rathki, De Bopyro et Nereide, p. 



their extremities saccular dilatations filled with 38, Tab. II. Sg. 7, g. 8. Grube has found these 



chyme ; see Pallas, Miscell. Zool. p. 85, Tab. VII. two appendages at the beginning of the intestinal 



(1.;. 11 ; Treviranus, in his Zeitsch. f. Physiol, canal with Arenir.ola (Zur Anat. d. Kiemenwiir- 



III. p. 162, Taf. XII. fig. 9, 10 ; and Milne Ed- mer, p. 6, Taf. I. fig. 1, 5, h.), and with Ammotnj- 



wards, in Cyclop. Anat. and Phys. I. p. 169, fig. pane (Nov. Act. Acad. XX. p. 197, Tab. X. tig. 



70 13, 19, h.). See also Milne Edwards, in the Ann. 



i Brandt, Media. Zool. II. p. 247. Taf. XXIX. d. So. Nat. X. 1838, PI. XII. fig. 1, j. (Nereis), and 



A. fi". 22 23.* PI- XIII. fig. 1, e. e. (Arenicola) ; and fVagner, 



*2 Eiorren, loc. cit. p. 129, Tab. X. XI. (Lum- Icon. zoot. Tab. .X.XVII. fig. 18, g. g. (Nereis).\ 



bricus terrestris). *> Grube, Zur. Anat. d. Kiemenwiirmer, p. 62, 



3 Henle, in Muller^s Arch. 1837, p. 79, Taf. VI. Taf. II. fig. 13 (Polynr/H squamata). 

 fig. 6, d. d. 



* [ § 155, note 1.] For the salivary glands of f [ § 155, note 5.] For the salivary glands of 



Hiradinei, see Moqiiin-Tandon, loc. cit. Edit. Branchellion,aee Leydis;Siel)old andKiilliker's 



1846, p. 108, PI. X. 6g. '^ (Hirudo medicinalis), Zeitsch. III. Hft. 3, p. 315, and Qua^re/a^es, Ann. 



PI. VI. fig. 11 ijlaemopis), PI. I. fig. 5 (Branch- d. Sc. Nat. XVIII. 1852, p. 296, PI. VI. fig. 3, a 



eWion). — Ed. c. — Ed. 



