INDEX TO ZOOLOGY. 



Perca flnviatilis and flavescens, 220; 

 perciclcK, ib. 



Perch, the, 220 ; (he climbing, an In- 

 dian species, 225. 



Percival, (apt., description of the 

 pearl fisheries of Ceylon by, 64, 

 65. 



Percopsidie, 213 ; percopsis, 212. 



Perdicin*, 374 ; perdix i-ubra and ci- 

 nerea, ib. 



Peripatidic, 99. 



Peripatua, !)'j, 100. 



Perisloniata, 89. 



Perla bicaudata, 167: perlidw, 166, 

 167. 



Perna, 63. 



Pertiis apivonis, 30fi. 



Perd^iialluis, 461, 462. 



I'lTOIllflfS, 'JGl. 



Petiiloccra, l.')6. 



Petaiirista, 415. 



Petaurus. 415. 



Petrels, Ihe, 388. 



I'etromys, 459. 



Petromyzon, 13 ; P. tliiviatilis and 



americamis. 207. 

 Petrorayzontidie, 206. 

 Pewee, the, or pewit, a species of fly- 

 catcher, 345. 

 Pezoporina;, 361 ; pezoporus forraosus, 



ib. 

 Phacochwrus, 442. 

 PhieuicopteriniB, 384; phasnicopterus 



ruber, 384. 

 Phajnicura rutlcilla and suecica, 337. 

 Phslon lethereus, 389; ph;etonina3, 



ib. 

 Phatena, 179. 

 Phalangers, tlie, 414 ; the flying, or 



petaurus, 415. 

 Phalangiidu>, 125. 

 Phalangista, 414, 415; phalangistidaj, 



414. 

 Phalangiuin, 125. 

 Phalaroiies, the, 382. 

 Phalaropina?, 382. 

 Phalaropus hyperboreus and Wil- 



soni, 382. 

 Phal(;ris, 388. 

 Phaneroglossa, 257. 

 Pharyngognathi, 204, 217. 

 I'hascogale, 417 ; P. melas, penicUlata, 



&c., ib. 

 Phascolarctos cinereus, 414. 

 Phascolomyidae, 414 ; phascolomys 



Wombat, &c., ib. 

 Phascolotherium, 412, 419. 

 Phasianida', 370 ; phasianinre, 372 ; 

 phasianus colchicus, pictus, and 

 nycthemerus, ib. 

 Phasmidie, 164. 

 Pheasants, the, 370-372, 374. 

 Philhydria, 154. 

 Philliroida', 77. 

 PhilodendriB, 460. 

 Philoga!*, 460. 

 Philomela luscinia, 335; P. major, 



337. 

 Philyra, 117. 

 Phlceomys, 464. 

 Phlogophora meticulosa, 181. 

 Phoca, 15; P. vituUua, 480; P. lepto- 

 nix, monocha, &c., 481 ; phocidse, 

 480. 

 Phocaena communis, americana, &c., 



427. 

 Phocidie. ability of the, to remain 



under water a long time, 66. 

 Phocodon, 481. 

 Phoenicopterus, 15. 

 Pholadidie, 59. 

 Pholadoniya, 59. 

 Pholas, ,59. 

 Pholis, 230. 

 Phonygamina», 350. 

 Phryganeida;, 168. 

 Phrvnaglossa, 257, 200. 

 Phryiii<la>, 126. 

 Phrvnosoma, 278. 

 Phruius, 126. 

 Phthirius, 147. 

 Plivcis ainericanus, 219. 

 Phyllidiida', 80. 

 Phyllidium, 10. 

 Phylliroe, 77. 

 PhyUium siccifolium, 164. 



Phyllodactyla, 281. 



Phyllodoce, 99. 



Phyllomys, 4(i0. 



Phyllophora. 107. 



Phyllopoda, 109. 



Phyllornis,331. 



Phyllosoma, 114. 



Phyllostoma, 477. 



Phyllurus, 281. 



Physa, 90. 



Physalia physalis, 30. 



Physeter macrocephalus, catodon, 



&c., 423, 424 ; P. bidens sowerbyi, 



428. 

 Physida;, 90. 

 Physograda, 30. 

 Phytocorls, 180. 

 Phylophaga, 160, 162. 

 Phytotoma silens, &c., 359 ; phytoto- 



miucB, ib. 

 Pica, 15 ; P. caudata, hudsonica, &c., 



352. 

 Picidw, 363; picus, 15; P. villosus, 



pubescens, &c.. ib. 

 Pigeons, the, 367-369; immense 



tiights of wild pigeons, 368 ; the 



cape pigeon, a species of petrel, 



389. 

 Pikas, the, 456. 

 Pike, the, longevity of, 200. 

 Pikes, the, 213. 

 Pilot-fish, the, curious propensity of, 



Pimeiiida", 160. 



Pimelodus, 199, 216; P. cyclopum, 

 217. 



Pinna, 66, 67. 



Pinnipedia, 480. 



Pinnotheres ostreum, 117 ; pinnothe- 

 rina", ib. 



Piopliila casei and petasionis, 194. 



Pipa americana, 260. 



Pipe fish, the, 232, 



Piper, the, 222. 



Pipilo erythrophthalma, 357. 



Pipra caudata, raelanocephala, &c., 

 347. 



Piprinff, 347. 



Pisces, tlieir chief charactevistics and 

 orders, 13 ; divided into cartila- 

 ginous or chondiopterygeous and os- 

 seous, 13, 14; tlieir structure and 

 fimetions, 197-200 ; their prolific na- 

 ture, 1'.19, 200 ; their longevity, 200; 

 their classification according to Ar- 

 tedi. Linn;eu8, Cuvier, Agassiz, and 

 MUller, 200-205. 



Pisidium, 73. 



Pilhecheir, 464. 



Pithecia, 495. 



Pilhecus satyrus, 497. 



Pitta brachyura and cyanura, 341. 



Placentalia, 399, 400. 



Plachobranchidte, 80. 



Placoids, 202. 



PlacunidiB, 61. 



Plagiodontia, 459. 



Plagiostomes, 233. 



Plagiostomi, 205, 240. 



Plagusia, 220. 



Planaria cornuta and gracilis, 46 ; 

 planariidas, ib. 



Planaxis, 83. 



Planidse, 219. 



Planorbis, 90 ; P. cornuarietis, 60 ; P. 

 bicariuatus, 89. 



Plant lice, 186. 



Plantain eaters, the, 360. 



Plantcutters, the, 359. 



Plantigrada, 482. 



Planularia falcata, 27. 



Platalea leucorrhodia, 380. 



Platanista gangetica, 426. 



Plateosaurus, 285. 



Platessa flesus and limanda, 219. | 



Platurus laticaudatus, 267. 



Platycercus viridis, 362. 



Platydaclyla, 280. 



Platvdactylus muralis and guttatus, 

 280. 



Platygonus, 437. 



Plalyonvx, 409; P. cuvieri and rainu- 

 tus, 410. 



Platyphyllum concavum, 165. 



Plecotus timoriensis, lecontii, &c., 

 477. 



Plectognathi, 14, 202, 204, 231. 

 Plectrophanes nivalis, laiipouicus, &c., 



Pleiodon, 71. 



Pleodontes, 276. 



Plesiosaurus, 14, 284. 



Plestiodon fasciatus, araericanus, and 

 aldrovandii, 273. 



Plethodon, 255. 



Pleurobranchidse, 80 ; pleurobranchus, 

 ib. 



Pleurodeles, 256, 288. 



Pleurodontes, 277. 



Pleuronectes, 14. 



Pleuronectida', 218, 219. 



Pleurosaurus, 283. 



Pleurotoma, 86. 



Pliny the elder, his work on natural 

 history, 2. 



Ploceinie, 355 ; ploceus oryx and igni- 

 color, ib. 



Plotinae, 390. 



Plotus anhinga, 390. 



Plovers, the, "378. 



Plumatella, 54. 



Plumed birds, the h.'^bils and history 

 of, entirely unknown, 326. 



Plumularia angulosa, 27. 



Plusia triplasia and gamma, 181. 



Plutella, 179. 



Pneumonobranchia, 89. 



Poccilocera morbillosa, 105. 



Pochard, the, or red-headed duck, 

 386. 



Pocillopora polvmorpha, 36. 



Podagerina', 320. 



Podargiuie, 320; podargus cinereus, 

 ib. 



PodicepiniE, 387. 



Podiceps, 15; P. cristacus, cornutus, 

 &c., 387. 



Podosomata, 120. 



Podura, 145. 



Podurida', 145. 



PcEcilocampa populi, 181. 



Pcecilopoda, 12, 111. 



Pogonias chromis, 199 : P. fasciatus, 

 224 ; P. sulcirostris, 363. 



Polecat, the, 485. 



Polia Chi, 180. 



Polistes, 170. 



Pollack, the, 219. 



Polliclpes, 101. 



Polyboriuie, 305. 



Polyboroides, 309. 



Polyborus, 306 ; P. braziliensis, 305. 



Polydesmid:t>, 131. 



Polyergus, 175. 



Polygastrica, 9; doubts as to Ihe cor- 

 rectness of Ehrenberg's view of the 

 structure of, 19, 20. 



Polymerosomata, 126. 



Polyodon, 238. 



Polyommatus, 183, 184. 



Polypi, 9; description of the habits of 



some of the polypes, 53. 

 Polypiaria inf'undibulati and hippocre- 



pia, 54. 

 Polyplectron chinguis, 372. 

 Polypterus, 234, 235. 

 Polypus, thg, of the ancients, 



92. 

 Polythalamia, 75 ; general structure 

 and abundance of, 76 ; conspicuous 

 in a fossil condition, ib. ; classifica- 

 tion of, 75, 77. 

 Polyxenidte, 131. 

 Polyzonidie, 131. 

 Poraatobranchia, 81. 

 Pomotis, 221. 

 Pompilus, 173. 

 Pontia cardamines, 184. 

 Porcellanina;, 115. 

 Porcellio, 113. 

 Poicupines, the, 460. 

 Porcus, 442. 

 Porgee, the, 224. 

 Porifera, the, a name applied by Grant 



to the sponges, 16. 

 Porites porites, 36. 

 Porilidu', 36. 



Porphyrio hyacinthinus, 383. 

 Porpita, 30. 

 Porpoi.si's, the, 427. 

 Portuguese man of war, the, 30. 

 Portuninte, 118. 



949 



