1911] Girault— Hosts of Insect Egg-Paraiies 147 



and Hymenoptera. Phanurus tabanivorus Ashmead is now known 

 to attack Tabanidse other than Tabanns atratus Fabr., probably 

 some other species of the same genus or Chrysops flavidus Wied. 

 (Hine 1907.) The genus A'phanogmus Thomson, recorded from 

 the eggs of Tibicen sejjtendecim (Linn.), is most probably not an 

 egg-parasite but a larval parasite of Cecidomyidse (cf. Ashmead, 

 1893, p. 451; Chittenden, 1909, p. 6) especially since Marlatt 

 (1907, p. 129) records predaceous larval Cecidomyids on the eggs 

 of the periodical cicada, and since the subfamily to which the 

 genus belongs is usually parasitic on the larvae of Diptera. The 

 records of Aphanogmus floridanus Ashm. from the eggs of the 

 Cicada appear to be based on a supposition. 



Of the insect hosts of the egg-parasites, one order, Platyptera, 

 is added to those previously given (Girault, 1907, p. 29), while 

 definite, previously overlooked, records concerning the Odonata 

 are included. Of the hosts known to be parasitized, the parasite 

 unknown, mention may be made of Cecidomyia (?) foliora Rus- 

 sell and Hooker (1908); Notoloplws oslari Barnes in Colorado 

 (Hopkins, 1907, p. 143) ; Malacosoma californica (Pack.) and M. 

 constrictor (Stretch) (Isaacs, 1905, p. 102); Craponius inaequalis 

 (Say) (Brooks, 1906, p. 240). In passing, I wish to ciuestion the 

 record of the eulophid parasites (Pediobins gen. et sp. nov. Tet- 

 rastichince) recorded from the eggs of Eriocampoides limacina 

 Retzius by Lawrence (1904); entedonines and tetrastichines are 

 often reared from minute leaf-miners, cecidomyids and the like 

 and none of the records so far concerning this host are free from 

 suspicion in respect to the presence of these incidental hosts. ^ 

 Westwoodella Ashmead is parasitic on jassid eggs in the stems of 

 grasses. 



Subsequently, the scope of the list will be enlarged to include 

 the world, as it is impossible to ignore the fact that geographical 

 boundaries mean but little in this connection. 



Secondary parasitism with egg-parasites was certainly but 

 little known up to several years ago. I had often wondered why 

 this phenomenon did not occur. Several cases are now on record, 

 and even tertiary parasitism, now, is also known to occur. 



' However, in regard to this, compare the record of a Closterocerus from the same host as 

 given below. The Pentarthron was reared at the same time and the former may be secondary, 

 its host the latter species. I think both are primary, however. 



