1911] 



Giraulf- — Hosts of Insect Egg-Parisites 



151 



Lestes mxcala Kirby 

 L. unguiculata Ha gen' 



Anazipha rxigua Say 



Mantis sp. 

 Oecanthus Jiiveus Deg. 



Geer 

 Stagmomantis Carolina 



Linn. 



Cacilius aurantiacus 

 Hagen 



Odonata. 



parasite. authority. 



Brachistella acuminata Ashm. 

 Centrobia odonata: Ashm. j Ashmead, 1900 b. 



Polynema needhami Ashm. i Needham, 1900. 

 Hyperteles ■polynema: Ashm." y Needham, 1903, p. 230. 

 Tetrastichus polynema: Ashm.' 



Orthoptera. 



Polynema bifasciatipenne 



Girault 

 Eupelmus brevicauda Gahan 

 Polynema bifasciatipenne 



Girault 

 Eupelmus mantis Ashm. 



PLu^^TYPTERA. 



Alaptus cacilii Girault" 



Girault, 1908 •>. 



Gahan, 1910, p. 205. 

 Girault, 1910, p. 255. 



Ashmead, 1885, p. xv. 



Girault, 1908% pp. 180, 

 181, 191. 



Literature Referred to. 



1877. Rondani, C. Vesparia parasita non vel minus cognita. Bull. Soc. Ent. 



Italiana, IX, pp. 190-191, tav. II, figs. 64-67. 

 1885. Ashmead, W. H. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, XII. 

 1890. Aaron, Mrs. C. B. Life histories and structures of the Odonata. In the 



Dipterous enemies of man: Their life liistorles and structure. A treatise 



on their extermination. Dragon Flies versus Mosquitoes. The Lamborn 



prize essays. New York, II, p. 50. 

 1893. Ashmead, W. H. Monograph of the North American Proctotrypidae. Bull. 



U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 45. 



1897. Cockerell, T. D. A. Canad. Ent., XXIX, p. 26. 

 Enock, Fred. Proc. Ent. Soc, London, p. xvm. 



1898. Ashmead, W. H. Ent. News, IX. 



1900. (a) Idem. Proc U. S. Nat. Mus., XXII, p. 382. 



^Reared by Mr. J. J. Davis, Chicago, 111. ^introduced artificially from Europe. 'The rear- 

 ing as recorded by Needham does not distinguish between the hosts, so it is taken for granted 

 that the parasites are common to both. Ashmead merely gives Lestes species. Needham 

 records at first five egg-parasites and one hyperparasite, whereas Ashmead records five froni the 

 egg of Lestes sp., but states Hyperteles polynemai and Tetrastichus polynema, as their names 

 indicate, to be parasitic on Polynema needhar>n, novel cases of secondary parasitism. Later, 

 Needham changed the record to agree with that of Ashmead. """Evidently a hyperparasite on 

 the Polynema noted below." Ashmead, 1900, p. 616. ^"Undoubtedly a hyperparasite of 

 Polynema needhami." Ashmead, 1900, p. 616. ^In England Enock (1897) records Alaptus 

 Jusculus Walker and a supposed male specimen of A. minimus Walker from the eggs of Stenop- 

 socus cruciatus (Linnseus), a record overloolved in Girault, 1908''. •''This is the first record of 

 egg-parasites in the Platyptera. (See Girault, 1910, p. 244.) 'Imported into Massachusetts 

 from Japan. ^Secondary on Schedius; cf. Howard. ^Pachy neuron gifuensis Ashmead should 

 be mentioned here as a secondary parasite of the Schedius and Anastatus and as tertiary upon 

 the Tyudarichus. (Howard, 1. c, p. 8). And also see Atoposomoidea ogima Howard on the 

 pages following (1. c). '"I have verified this record through specimens reared from the same 

 host in North Carolina. "This is the Trichogramnia sp. of Fiske (1910). 



