162 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 
39. Madrepora echinata, Dana. 
Madrepora echinata, Dana, Zoophytes, p. 464, pl. xxxvi. fig. 1. 
Two small specimens were collected. One has grown almost entirely in a horizontal 
direction, and thus has the calicles of the under surface much shortened or suppressed ; 
the other is more erect. They more closely resemble the figure given by Milne-Edwards 
and Haime’ than they do that given by Dana. 
Locality.—Reefs, Fiji. 
40. Madrepora rosaria, Dana. 
Madrepora rosaria, Dana, Zoophytes, p. 465, pl. xxxvi. fig. 3. 
Two very beautiful specimens referable to this species are in the collection. The 
measurements throughout are rather less than those given by Dana; and the specimens 
are thus examples of a rather delicate variety. A few of the branchlets are very spreading 
and elongated, producing new branchlets by their subdivision, and tending to give to 
the whole clump an uneven appearance, 
Locality.—Levuka, Fiji. 
41. Madrepora parilis, n. sp. (Pl. UX. figs. 83-30). 
Corallum spreading more or less horizontally, the branches and branchlets developing 
continuously in one plane from opposite sides of the larger branches, and of nearly equal 
size throughout, from about 5 to 7 mm. thick ; the younger branchlets short and somewhat 
smaller. The branches are subterete or horizontally compressed, sometimes subangular, 
closely placed, and very rarely coalescent. The angle of branching is nearly a right angle. 
The apical calicles are rather large, from about 2 to 3 mm. wide, a little prominent, 
with thick and porous edges, and with a distinct star of twelve septa, of which six are 
rather large and unequal. The lateral calicles are wide apart, tubular, rather large, 
prominent, and not appressed, unequal, very sparse on the under side, where, when the 
branches are much compressed, they are almost absent, though forming series along the 
edges ; they are from 1 to 2 mm. in diameter, and from 1 to 4 mm. long; others still 
longer give rise to branchlets. The star is quite distinct, of six large septa, with others 
generally more or less rudimentary. Coenenchyma rather light and porous; surface 
throughout very strongly and distinctly striated or costulated with fine echinulations, 
which are even more marked on the calicles where the striations usually become very 
closely placed and thin. 
This species has many points of resemblance with the Madrepora pumula, Verrill, but 
it is easily distimguished from it. Several pieces occur in the collection. 
Locality.—Samboangan, Philippines, 10 fathoms; Tahiti (2). 
1 Cor., pl. E 1, fig. 4. 
