REPORT ON THE REEF-CORALS. 165 
branchlets and proliferous calicles closely appressed into the plane of the frond, giving 
it a very rough appearance; at various parts they coalesce with the branches to form 
small, solid areas, in which all traces of the original forms are lost, and on which there are 
short, crowded, almost immersed calicles. Above, the branchlets are very short, from 
about 6 to 10 mm. long, rather thick (about 5 or 6 mm.) in comparison with their length, 
placed at right angles to the frond, obtuse and rosette-shaped at their apex, and 
proliferous ; at the edges of the corallum they are somewhat longer and thinner. The 
terminal calicles are about 1°75 mm. wide, scarcely or not at all prominent, with rather 
thick edges and a distinct star of six septa. The lateral calicles are very small through- 
out, more conspicuously so at the base, rather broadly and curvedly labellate, very closely 
crowded, not appressed, generally erect, and with an inconspicuous star of six septa; at 
the apex they are gathered into a rosette of almost tubo- labellate cups around the short 
terminal calicle, often with a few larger proliferous ones. The rosette is much less dis- 
tinct towards the outer parts of the frond. On the basal parts the calicles become quite 
immersed and are about 0°5 to 0°75 mm. wide. The ccenenchyma is rather dense, becoming 
porous and reticulate in the younger parts ; the surface is echinulate and substriate, 
distinctly striate on the cups. 
Of this species there occurs in the collection only a large, broken, flattened frond, which 
may have formed a portion of an irregularly grown, shallow-vasiform specimen. 
Locality.—-Reefs, Fiji. 
48. Madrepora cytherea, Dana. 
Madrepora cytherea, Dana, Zoophytes, p. 441, pl. xxxii. fig. 3. 
Fine specimens of this species were obtained, one of which is nearly a yard in 
diameter and possesses a high pedicel. The branches though much flattened and 
coalescent are very distinct throughout, lessening gradually in size; the calicles are 
fragile and very long, especially the apical ones, which are often grouped in short and 
thick clusters. The ccenenchyma is quite light and porous in the younger parts. 
Locality.—Tahiti. 
49. Madrepora vastula, n. sp. (Pl. X. figs. 4—4e). 
Corallum broadly and very deeply vasiform, somewhat roughly funnel-shaped and 
narrowly pedicellate ; fronds about 4 cm. thick almost evenly to the edges; branches 
Closely divided so as to be nearly subequal throughout, intimately coalescent even to the 
margin of the vase, evenly reticulated, with small, narrow meshes between them; the 
under side rough with numerous, appressed, coalescent branchlets, and unequal, proliferous 
ealicles; the upper surface closely crowded with arcuate, tapering, elongated, subproliferous, 
