166 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 
divided branchlets, which are generally evenly placed, from about 5 to 7 mm. thick, and 1 to 
3.em. long, except at the centre of the vase, where they are short and almost suppressed, 
and never developed with clusters of long, proliferous calicles. Terminal calicles 2 mm. 
wide, somewhat prominent, about 2 mm. long, with a distinct star of twelve subequal septa. 
Lateral calicles rather large, often nearly 3 mm. long, and from 1°5 to 2 mm. wide, 
crowded, labellate, with a scarcely flattened lip, somewhat fragile and rather closely placed 
at the apex around the terminal calicles; the basal calicles are very shortly labellate or 
subnariform, but many wide, immersed calicles are present ; star with very narrow septa. 
Coenenchyma rather dense, becoming reticulated on the distal parts; surface rough, 
irregularly echinulate and striate. 
A single specimen of this species was obtained. It is close both to Madrepora 
hyacinthus and to Madrepora cytherea. The branches are very compressed vertically, 
much and evenly divided and coalescent, so as to form an evenly reticulated lower surface 
in which the main branches are indistinguishable. The even thickness of the frond 
gives a massive appearance to the species. 
Locality.—Kandavu. 
50. Madrepora surculosa, Dana. 
Madrepora surculosa, Dana, Zoophytes, p. 445, pl. xxxii. figs. 4, 5. 
Fine specimens of this species were obtained ; and they show very clearly the great 
variability in the size and form of the branchlets, which may be short, thick, tapering 
quickly to a point and spike-shaped, or, in other specimens, thin and elongated. 
Locality.—Tahiti. 
Genus 2. Turbinaria, Oken. 
Turbinaria, Oken, Lehrb, der Naturg., Zool., i. p. 67, 1815. 
Milne-Edwards and Haime, Cor., iii. p. 164. 
Duncan, Rey. Madrep., p. 184. 
” 
” 
Seven species of this genus are in the collection. 
1. Turbinaria crater (Pallas). 
Madrepora crater, Pallas, Elench. Zooph., p. 332. 
Turbinaria crater, Milne-Edwards and Haime, Cor., iii. p. 164. 
Three interesting specimens of this species were collected. One, a small one, is 
broadly vasiform, with wavy edges and small and shallow calicles ; a second is infundi- 
buliform and contorted, with deeper and more prominent calicles; while the third is an 
