OF THE CCELENTERATA. 255 



(59.) Haime.— ' Memoire sur le Cerianthe,' Ann. S. K 1854. 

 (60.) GossE.— ' Actinologia Britannica: A History of the British 

 Sea-anemones and Madrepores,' i860. 

 See also various memoirs by Milne Edwards, Hollaed, and 

 GossE, cited in Bib. Zool., in addition to those of Spix ; 

 KoLLiKER ; Lewes, ' Sea-side Studies ; ' Lacaze du Thiers ; 

 Kathke ; Erdl ; and others. 



On the structure of Actinia see especially Hollard (58) ; 

 GossE (60); Haime, C. rend. 1854; Frey und Leuckart 

 (i); Teale, Trans. Leeds Soc. 1837, and B. Ass. Rep. 1838; 

 and CoBBOLD, A. N. H. 1853. 



On the Sclerobasic Zoantharia, vid. Brandt,' Symbola^ ad 

 Polypos Hyalochsetides spectantes, 1859; ' and Schultze, C. 

 rend. i860. Dana (55) describes the polypes of Antipathes. 

 (57) is a complete monograph of the orders Zoantharia, Alcy- 

 onaria, and Rugosa. For collections of figures the Avorks of 

 Esper, Ellis, Dana, and the French voyagers must be chiefly 

 consulted. The British Zoantharia are described and figured 

 by GossE (60). 

 On Coral reefs and islands see Darw^in, ' The Structure and 

 Distribution of Coral Reefs,' 1842 (now forming part of the 

 same author's " Geological Observations ") ; and Dana, ♦ On 

 Coral Reefs and Islands,' 1853. 



b. Alcyonaria. 



(61.) Rapp. — 'Untersuchungen iiber den Bau einiger Polypen des 

 Mittelandischen Meeres,' Nov. Act. 1829. 



(62.) Edwards, Milne. — 'Memoire sur un nouveau genre de la 

 famille des Alcyoniens,' and 'Observations sur les Alcyons 

 proprement dits,' in Recherches sur les Polypes, 1838, or Ann. 

 S. N. 1838. 



(63.) Agassiz.— 'On the Structure of the Halcyonoid Polypes,' Am. 

 Ass. Rep. 1850. Also: Milne Edwards, in Regne Ani- 

 mal, and several of the works which treat of Zoantharia. 

 Johnston, op. s. cit., describes and figures the British Alcyo- 

 naria. 



c. Rugosa and Fossil Corals. 



C64.) Edwards et Haime.— 'A Monograph of the British Fossil 

 Corals' (published by the PaliKontographical Society), 1850 

 -55- 



