TYKANNID^.— XXXVI. 95 



blue, barred; outer tail feathers and secondaries tipped 

 with white; L. 12; W. 5^; T. 5f. N.E.Am., abundant. 



4. PERISOREUS, Bonaparte. Gray Jays. 



1. P. canadensis, (L.) Bon. Canada Jay. Whiskey 

 Jack. Ashy gray with blackish and whitish markings; 

 L. lOf; W. 5f ; T. 6. Northern, S. to New England in 

 Winter. 



FAMILY XXXVI.— TYRANNID^. 



{TJie Fly catchers.) 



Primaries 10; first more than f length of second, and 

 one or more of them often attenuate ; bill broad, triangu- 

 lar, depressed, abruptly hooked and notched at tip, with 

 long rictal bristles; commissure nearly straight; nostrils 

 small, usually partly concealed. Tarsus " clamatorial," 

 the scutella extending around its back. Feet small, for 

 perching. Moutii capacious; notes simple, often pleas- 

 ant; changes of plumage slight; ours mostly olivaceous. 



A large family of eighty genera, and more than three 

 hundred species; all American and mostly tropical. All 

 are insectivorous, most of them pre-eminently so; they 

 are, therefore, in our latitude, migratory. 



* First primaries evidently attenuate ; crown with concealed bright 

 red or yellow crest (in adult). 



f Tail widely forked, about twice as long as wings. 



MiLVULUS, 1. 



ff Tail nearly even, sliorter than wings. . . Tyrannus, 3. 



** First primaries not obviously attenuate ; crown plain, some- 

 times crested. 



X Wings edged with clisstnut, not much longer than tail ; length 

 8 or more Myiarchus, 3. 



XX Wings not chestnut-edged, not much longer than tail ; tarsus 

 longer than middle toe and cb.w; hill black; length 6i 

 to 7i Sayornis, 4. 



