EALLID^. — LIX. 135 



/. GRUS, Linnaeus. Cranes. 



1. G. americanus, (L.) Ord. White or Whooping 

 Crane. Adult pure white with black on wings; bare 

 part of head very hairy; young grayish, the head 

 feathered; L. 50; W. 24; T. 9; Ts. 12; B. 6. U. S., 

 rather southerly. 



2. G. canadensis, (L.) Temm. Brown or Sand -Hill 

 Crane. Plumbeous gray, never whitening; head 

 sparsely hairy; smaller. U. S., chiefly S. and W. 



FAMILY LIX. — RALLID^. 



{The Rails.) 

 Birds of medium or small size, with compressed bodies 

 and muscular legs. Wings and tail short. Hind toe 

 short and elevated; front toes very long. Bill various, 

 rather short. Plumage blended. Sexes alike. Species 

 about one hundred and fifty, of most parts of the world. 

 * Forehead featliered ; no frontal plate. (Rallin^.) 

 f Bill decurved, longer than head. . . . Rallus, 1. 

 ff Bill straight, shorter than head. . . . Porzana, 2. 

 ** Forehead covered with a broad, horny, frontal plate. 

 :j: Toes scarcely or not lobate. (Gallinulin^.) 

 a. Nostrils linear; tarsus less than 2. . Gallintjla, 3. 

 aa. Nostrils nearly circular; tarsus about 2. Ionoknis, 4. 

 XX Toes lobate, edged with broad flaps. (Fulicin^.) Fulica, 5. 



/. RALLUS, Linnaeus. Rails. 



1. R. longirosins, Bodd. Clapper Rail. Salt- 

 Water Marsh Hen. Olive brown, variegated with 

 ashy; dull reddish brown below; L. 14 to 16; W. 6; T. 

 2^; B. 2^; $ smaller. Salt marshes; rather southerly. 



2. R. elegans, Aud. King Rail. Fresh -Water 

 Marsh Hen. Brownish black, with chestnut below 



